Patterns of pneumoconiosis mortality in Kentucky: Analysis of death certificate data

Beggs, Jake A.; Slavova, Svetla; Bunn, Terry

doi:10.1002/ajim.22511

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Cardiovascular diseases (i.e., atherosclerotic heart disease; acute myocardial infarction, unspecified; congestive heart failure; stroke, not specified as hemorrhage or infarction; and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, so described) were among the top ten most common underlying causes of death. Cardiovascular causes of death were also reported among Kentucky residents with pneumoconiosis listed as a cause of death, and another study of coal miners reported an increased risk of ischemic heart disease mortality with coal dust exposure 17,18 . While cardiovascular diseases could be associated with systemic gas exchange abnormalities in coal miners, cardiovascular comorbidities are prevalent in coal miners 16–20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Cardiovascular causes of death were also reported among Kentucky residents with pneumoconiosis listed as a cause of death, and another study of coal miners reported an increased risk of ischemic heart disease mortality with coal dust exposure 17,18 . While cardiovascular diseases could be associated with systemic gas exchange abnormalities in coal miners, cardiovascular comorbidities are prevalent in coal miners 16–20 . Miners participating in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program have a high prevalence of hypertension and obesity, which may or may not be related to mining 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of death among Federal Black Lung Benefits Program beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare, 1999–2016

Kurth

Halldin

Laney

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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Background: Coal miners with totally disabling pneumoconiosis are eligible for benefits through the Federal Black Lung Benefits Program (FBLP). We identify the causes of death among Medicare beneficiaries with a claim for which the FBLP was the primary payer and compare these causes of death to all deceased Medicare beneficiaries to better understand elevated death and disease among miners with occupational respiratory exposures. Methods: From 1999 to 2016 Medicare data, we extracted beneficiary and National Death Index data for 28,003 beneficiaries with an FBLP primary payer claim. We summarized the International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification 10th revision-coded underlying causes of death and entity-axis multiple causes of death for 22,242 deceased Medicare beneficiaries with an FBLP primary payer Medicare claim and compared their causes of death to the deceased Medicare beneficiary population. Results: Among deceased FBLP beneficiaries, the three leading underlying causes of death were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified (J44.9, 10.1%), atherosclerotic heart disease (I25.1, 9.3%), and coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) (J60, 9.2%). All diseases of the respiratory system combined (J00-J99) were the underlying cause of death for 29.1% of all beneficiaries, with pneumoconioses (J60-J64) as the underlying cause for 11.0% of all beneficiaries. Conclusions: Coal miners enrolled in Medicare with an FBLP primary payer claim were more likely to have specific respiratory and cardiovascular diseases listed as a cause of death than deceased Medicare beneficiaries overall, and were also more likely to die from CWP or any pneumoconioses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death among Federal Black Lung Benefits Program beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare, 1999–2016

Kurth

Halldin

Laney

et al. 2020

American J Industrial Med

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“…Three studies from the USA reported steadily declining CWP mortality rates among the general population over recent decades both nationally [ 42 – 44 ] and in the Central Appalachian region [ 43 ] with similar patterns also found in Australia [ 56 ]. Only one study looked at survival and found that 80 out of 459 CWP cases without tuberculosis diagnosed from 1963–2014 in a state-owned mine in China had died over the study period [ 49 ], corresponding to a mortality rate of 17.4%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…There was limited information on global mortality for CMDLD. Reductions in CWP mortality rates were reported in the USA and Australia [ 42 – 44 , 56 ], however these are in terms of mortality among the whole population, rather than specifically coal miners. This decreasing trend in CMDLD mortality at a population level was also observed in the Central Appalachian states (USA) despite the increase in CWP prevalence over recent years [ 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis on international studies of prevalence, mortality and survival due to coal mine dust lung disease

Dasgupta

Cameron

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background Coal mine dust lung disease comprises a group of occupational lung diseases including coal workers pneumoconiosis. In many countries, there is a lack of robust prevalence estimates for these diseases. Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published contemporary estimates on prevalence, mortality, and survival for coal mine dust lung disease worldwide. Methods Systematic searches of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases for English language peer-reviewed articles published from 1/1/2000 to 30/03/2021 that presented quantitative estimates of prevalence, mortality, or survival for coal mine dust lung disease. Review was conducted per PRISMA guidelines. Articles were screened independently by two authors. Studies were critically assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Pooled prevalence estimates were obtained using random effects meta-analysis models. Heterogeneity was measured using the I2 statistics and publication bias using Egger’s tests. Results Overall 40 studies were included, (31 prevalence, 8 mortality, 1 survival). Of the prevalence estimates, fifteen (12 from the United States) were retained for the meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence estimate for coal workers pneumoconiosis among underground miners was 3.7% (95% CI 3.0–4.5%) with high heterogeneity between studies. The pooled estimate of coal workers pneumoconiosis prevalence in the United States was higher in the 2000s than in the 1990s, consistent with published reports of increasing prevalence following decades of declining trends. Sub-group analyses also indicated higher prevalence among underground miners, and in Central Appalachia. The mortality studies were suggestive of reduced pneumoconiosis mortality rates over time, relative to the general population. Conclusion The ongoing prevalence of occupational lung diseases among contemporary coal miners highlights the importance of respiratory surveillance and preventive efforts through effective dust control measures. Limited prevalence studies from countries other than the United States limits our understanding of the current disease burden in other coal-producing countries.

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“…One study found pneumoconiosis mortality rates decreased in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, and the USA during 2003-2013. [59] Although increasing prevalence of pneumoconiosis (including CWP) morbidity and declining mortality rates seem paradoxical, there are reasons why they might differ. Individuals can live for many years after a pneumoconiosis diagnosis, so recent cases may not contribute substantially to mortality statistics.…”

Section: Mortality Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Review of Pneumoconiosis Among US Coal Miners

Hall

Blackley

Halldin

et al. 2019

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review-This review summarizes recent research on pneumoconiosis in coal workers following the identification of the resurgence of this disease among US coal miners in the early 2000s. We describe the impact of this research and how this has led to increased public attention, benefitting affected miners. Recent Findings-The latest research shows that the prevalence of pneumoconiosis, including progressive massive fibrosis, continues to increase, especially in central Appalachia. Contributing factors may include mining of thin coal seams or cutting rock to access coal, which may expose miners to coal mine dust with a higher content of silica and silicates than in the past. Summary-The impact of recently implemented changes, such as the reduced occupational exposure limit for respirable coal mine dust and the introduction of continuous personal dust monitors, will likely take years to appropriately evaluate.

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Patterns of pneumoconiosis mortality in Kentucky: Analysis of death certificate data

Abstract: Coal worker environmental exposure protection should be enhanced and pneumoconiosis surveillance improvements, including enhanced management of comorbid conditions like COPD, should be considered.

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Causes of death among Federal Black Lung Benefits Program beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare, 1999–2016

Causes of death among Federal Black Lung Benefits Program beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare, 1999–2016

A systematic review and meta-analysis on international studies of prevalence, mortality and survival due to coal mine dust lung disease

Current Review of Pneumoconiosis Among US Coal Miners

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