Patterns of nutrient loading in forested and urbanized coastal streams

Wahl, Matthew; McKellar, Henry N.; Williams, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(97)00012-9

Cited by 98 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…VF2 explains 13.3% of the total variance and shows strong positive loadings on SS, TS, and Tur, which are related to discharge from urban development areas involving clearing of lands (USGS 2007), the erosion of road edges due to surface runoff (Goonetilleke et al 2005), as well as agricultural runoff (Schlosser and Karr 1981). The conversion of forest or agriculture land to urban areas has indeed caused large negative impacts to the ecosystem (Wahl et al 1997) of Langat Basin in the form of mud flood, land slide, and river floods. Urbanization is, until now, actively pursued, in line with various developmental plans proposed by the government within the MPS area (Shah et al 2002).…”

Section: Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

Juahir

Zain

Yusoff

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

285

196

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This study investigates the spatial water quality pattern of seven stations located along the main Langat River. Environmetric methods, namely, the hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), the discriminant analysis (DA), the principal component analysis (PCA), and the factor analysis (FA), were used to study the spatial variations of the most significant water quality variables and to determine the origin of pollution sources. Twenty-three water quality parameters were initially selected and analyzed. Three spatial clusters were formed based on HACA. These clusters are designated as downstream of Langat river, middle stream of Langat river, and upstream of Langat River regions. Forward and backward stepwise DA managed to discriminate six and seven water quality variables, respectively, from the original 23 variables. PCA and FA (varimax functionality) were used to investigate the origin of each water quality variable due to land use activities based on the three clustered regions. Seven principal components (PCs) were obtained with 81% total variation for the high-pollution source (HPS) region, while six PCs with 71% and 79% total variances were obtained for the moderatepollution source (MPS) and low-pollution source (LPS) regions, respectively. The pollution sources for the HPS and MPS are of anthropogenic sources (industrial, municipal waste, and agricultural runoff). For the LPS region, the domestic and agricultural runoffs are the main sources of pollution. From this study, we can conclude that the application of environmetric methods can reveal meaningful information on the spatial variability of a large and complex river water quality data.

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Section: Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

Juahir

Zain

Yusoff

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

285

196

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“…In the first three scenarios, we assumed that 100% of the watershed is either forested, urban/ suburban, or pasture. DIN yield from forests (0.3 kg DIN-N ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 ; Correll et al 1995), pastures (0.8 kg DIN-N ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 ; Correll et al 1995), and urban/suburban areas (3 kg DIN-N ha Ϫ1 yr Ϫ1 ; Wahl et al 1997) were based on published studies. Total DON yield for each land use was estimated based on those rates of DIN yield and the ratio of DON : DIN exported from the different land uses that we measured in the current study (Table 1; average DON : DIN for each season for each source used).…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Don By Source and Season-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of DON from natural and anthropogenic sources to estuarine plankton

Seitzinger

Sanders

Styles

2002

Limnology & Oceanography

302

188

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Utilization of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) from natural (forests) and anthropogenic (animal pastures, urban/ suburban storm water runoff) sources (three sites per source) by estuarine plankton communities was examined in spring, summer, and fall. The proportion of DON utilized ranged from 0 to 73%. Overall, urban/suburban storm water runoff had a higher proportion of bioavailable DON (59% Ϯ 11) compared to agricultural pastures (30% Ϯ 14) and forests (23% Ϯ 19). DON bioavailability varied seasonally; however, the seasonal pattern differed for the three sources. Bacterial production increased linearly with the amount of DON utilized across all sources and seasons; the rate of increase was approximately five times greater per micromole of N as DON used relative to dissolved inorganic N (DIN) used. Although phytoplankton production generally increased with DON addition, the increased production was not correlated with the amount of DON utilized, suggesting that a variable portion of dissolved organic matter (DOM)-N was directly or indirectly available to the phytoplankton. This indicates that phytoplankton production is not a good measure of the amount of bioavailable DON, and measurements of the amount of bioavailable DON based on bacterial responses alone might not reflect N available to phytoplankton. Preliminary seasonal budgets of bioavailable N (DIN plus bioavailable DON) as a function of land use suggest that ϳ80% of the total dissolved N (TDN) from urban/suburban runoff is bioavailable, whereas a lower proportion (20-60%) of TDN is bioavailable from forests and pastures. N budgets for aquatic ecosystems based on only DIN loading underestimate bioavailable N loading, whereas total N or TDN budgets overestimate bioavailable N inputs.

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“…These consequences are due to the introduction of pollutants of physical, chemical and biological origin resulting from various anthropogenic activities common to urban areas. As researchers such as Owens and Walling (2002), Sartor and Boyd (1972) and Wahl et al (1997) have identified, urban stormwater runoff constitutes the primary transport mechanism that introduces non-point source pollutants to receptor areas. These contaminants will detrimentally impact on aquatic organisms and alter the characteristics of the ecosystem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These contaminants will detrimentally impact on aquatic organisms and alter the characteristics of the ecosystem. This results in a water body which is fundamentally changed from its natural state (Hall and Ellis, 1985;House et al, 1993;Wahl et al, 1997). The pollutant impact and 'shock load' associated with stormwater runoff can be significantly higher than secondary treated domestic sewage effluent (House et al, 1993;Novotny et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the role of land use in urban stormwater quality management

Goonetilleke

Thomas

Ginn³

et al. 2005

Journal of Environmental Management

288

144

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Urbanisation significantly impacts on water environments with increased runoff and the degradation of water quality. The management of quantity impacts are straight forward, but quality impacts are far more complex. Current approaches to safeguard water quality are largely ineffective and guided by entrenched misconceptions with a primary focus on 'end-of-pipe' solutions. The outcomes of a research study presented in the paper, which investigated relationships between water quality and six different land uses offer practical guidance in the planning of future urban developments. In terms of safeguarding water quality, high density residential development which results in a relatively smaller footprint would be the preferred option. The research study outcomes bring into question a number of fundamental concepts and misconceptions routinely accepted in stormwater quality management. The research findings confirmed the need to move beyond customary structural measures and identified the key role that urban planning can play in safeguarding urban water environments.Keywords: multivariate analysis, stormwater quality management, urban water quality, water quality impacts 3

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Patterns of nutrient loading in forested and urbanized coastal streams

Cited by 98 publications

References 17 publications

Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

Bioavailability of DON from natural and anthropogenic sources to estuarine plankton

Understanding the role of land use in urban stormwater quality management

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