Patterns of HIV Diagnosis Disclosure to Infected Children and Family Members: Data from a Paediatric Antiretroviral Program in South Africa

Madiba, Sphiwe

doi:10.4236/wja.2012.23027

Cited by 28 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The level of disclosure identified in our study was higher compared with previous studies in Ethiopia (17.4% to 39.5%),14 23 24 East Africa (26% to 43.1%),15 28 29 West Africa (21% to 29%),21 30 South Africa 39.6%31 and a review of 22 primary studies in low/middle-income countries (1.7% to 41%)%) 32. The higher level of disclosure in our study may be attributed to the higher mean age of children.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Perinatally acquired HIV-positive status disclosure and associated factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the level and factors associated with caregivers’ disclosure of perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) children’s seropositive status.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study in five public health facilities providing HIV treatment and care in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. The data were collected from 310 caregivers through face-to-face interviews and record reviews. Data analyses were done using STATA V.14.2 and statistical significance was declared at p value <0.05.ResultsThe study revealed that the level of PHIV+ diagnosis disclosure was 49.4% (95% CI 43.8 to 54.9). Mean age at disclosure was 11.2 years. Disclosure level was higher among children who frequently asked about their health status (aOR (adjusted OR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.04 to 4.03) and when caregivers knew other people who had a disclosure experience (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.17 to 5.32). Disclosure level was less among children of 12 years or below (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.09) and among caregivers practising deception about the children’s HIV positive status (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.74).ConclusionOnly half of the caregivers disclosed their child’s PHIV+ diagnosis. To facilitate disclosure, caregivers should be counselled about the appropriate age of disclosure and related misconceptions that hinder it. It is also apparent that caregivers need to be guided as to how to address children’s frequent questions about their health status. These interventions can be made in a one-on-one approach or through patient group counselling when they come to get healthcare services.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Perinatally acquired HIV-positive status disclosure and associated factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data were collected using the structured interviewer administered questionnaire which was adapted after reviewing related literature [14, 15, 18]. The questionnaire was first prepared in English (Additional file 1) and then translated into local languages (Amharic and Afaan Oromo) by language experts and back translated into English to check its consistency.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus infection disclosure status to infected school aged children and associated factors in bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia: cross sectional study

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive status disclosure is an essential component of Pediatric care and long term disease management. Children have a right to know their HIV diagnosis result. However, Pediatric HIV disclosure is complex and varies in different communities. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HIV-positive status disclosure to infected children and associated factors among caregivers of infected children.MethodologyA facility based mixed methods research design study was conducted in Bale Zone of South East Ethiopia. Randomly selected caregivers of HIV-positive children were interviewed using structured questionnaires for quantitative study and 17 in-depth interviews of health care workers and caregivers were conducted for qualitative data. Content analysis was done for qualitative data and logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and HIV-positive disclosure status. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence and strength of the associated factors.ResultsA total of 200 caregivers of school aged (6–14 years) children participated in the study. Only 57 (28.5%) of the care givers disclosed HIV-positive status to the child for whom they were caring. The main reason for disclosure delay was due to fear of negative consequences, perception on maturity of the child, and fear of social rejection and stigma. Having social support [AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: (1.1–6.4)], caring for a child between 10 and 14 years with HIV [AOR = 6.5, 95% CI: (2.1–20.2)], a child diagnosed with HIV at age > 5 years [AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: (1.1–7.1)], and children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with follow-up for > 5 years [AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: (1.8–11.2)] had significant association with HIV- positive status disclosure to infected children.ConclusionThe frequency of HIV infection disclosure to infected children was very low in our cohort. Having social support, having an older child with HIV, a long period of ART follow-up and HIV diagnosis after age of five years were positively associated with HIV-positive status disclosure to infected children. Giving age appropriate counselling to children, social support to the caregivers and working on related factors are very important to improve the observed low disclosure status.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-018-1336-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

“…HIV disclosure studies in SSA have centered on telling infected children about their own HIV statuses (Bikaako-Kajura et al, 2006;Brown et al, 2011;Kallem et al, 2011;Menon et al, 2007;Moodley et al, 2006;Vaz et al, 2010;Vreeman et al, 2014); a few have focused on telling children about their parents' HIV statuses (Madiba & Matlala, 2012;Nam et al, 2009;Palin et al, 2009;Rochat et al, 2013;Rwemisisi et al, 2007). Recent studies on disclosure to HIV-positive children have revealed HIV disclosure rates between 11% and 26% in Kenya (John-Stewart et al, 2013;Turissini et al, 2013;Vreeman et al, 2014) and between 17% and 40% in other SSA countries (Biadgilign et al, 2011;Bikaako-Kajura et al, 2006;-Fetzer et al, 2011;Kallem et al, 2011;Madiba, 2012;Menon et al, 2007). Research suggests that the typical age ranges of HIV-positive children receiving full disclosure of their own HIV statuses was between 3 and 19 years in Kenya (Vreeman et al, 2014); 8 and 18 years in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Vaz et al, 2010;Vaz et al, 2008); and 5 and 15 years in South Africa (Heeren et al, 2012;Moodley et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-positive parents, HIV-positive children, and HIV-negative children’s perspectives on disclosure of a parent’s and child’s illness in Kenya

Gachanja

Burkholder

Ferraro

2014

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV disclosure from parent to child is complex and challenging to HIV-positive parents and healthcare professionals. The purpose of the study was to understand the lived experiences of HIV-positive parents and their children during the disclosure process in Kenya. Sixteen HIVpositive parents, seven HIV-positive children, and five HIV-negative children completed semistructured, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using the Van Kaam method; NVivo 8 software was used to assist data analysis. We present data on the process of disclosure based on how participants recommended full disclosure be approached to HIV-positive and negative children. Participants recommended disclosure as a process starting at five years with full disclosure delivered at 10 years when the child was capable of understanding the illness, or by 14 years when the child was mature enough to receive the news if full disclosure had not been conducted earlier. Important considerations at the time of full disclosure included the parent's and/or child's health statuses, number of infected family members' illnesses to be disclosed to the child, child's maturity and understanding level, and the person best suited to deliver full disclosure to the child. The results also revealed it was important to address important life events such as taking a national school examination during disclosure planning and delivery.Recommendations are made for inclusion into HIV disclosure guidelines, manuals, and programs in resource-poor nations with high HIV prevalence.

show abstract

Patterns of HIV Diagnosis Disclosure to Infected Children and Family Members: Data from a Paediatric Antiretroviral Program in South Africa

Cited by 28 publications

References 40 publications

Perinatally acquired HIV-positive status disclosure and associated factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

Perinatally acquired HIV-positive status disclosure and associated factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

Human immunodeficiency virus infection disclosure status to infected school aged children and associated factors in bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia: cross sectional study

HIV-positive parents, HIV-positive children, and HIV-negative children’s perspectives on disclosure of a parent’s and child’s illness in Kenya

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About