Patterns of Heroin Use: what do we know?

Harding, G. Lankester

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1988.tb03035.x

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hence it is worth considering the potential use of strategies to control drug use as a fundamental component of drug use prevention programs and to also treat drug users. There is some evidence that using drugs such as heroin can be controlled to a certain extent [40]. Treatment programs that have been designed to apply control strategies with alcoholics and cocaine addicts have managed to reduce drug/alcohol use and relapses (see [41] for a review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Use Control Perception and Strategies in General and Clinical Population in a Spanish City

Amigó

Beleña

2021

IJERPH

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Background: This article evaluates the perception of drug use control and strategies in Valencia City (Spain) in a general and clinical population, in two independent studies. Material and Methods: 1071 people participated. In Study 1 (n = 924) the entire sample came from the general population (GP), and in Study 2 (n = 147), 68 were drug users being treated in an Addictive Behavior Unit (ABU), and 79 people of the GP. The drug use control perception and strategies in both subgroups were compared. The participants filled in the Drug Use Strategies Scale and a Drug Use Survey. Results: A high level of perception of drug control in the GP was obtained (72.7% in Study 1 and 67.5% in Study 2), and 32.5% in the ABU subgroup. People in the GP and drug users in treatment differ in some control strategies. A predictive profile of the perception of control was obtained for Study 2. Conclusion: The high degree of perception of controlling drug use in the GP, and partially in drug users being treated, and the specific control strategies reported suggests that moderate use and drug control strategies are a great value alternative to bear in mind compared to abstinence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Use Control Perception and Strategies in General and Clinical Population in a Spanish City

Amigó

Beleña

2021

IJERPH

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“…Clearly some individuals in this sample resemble the relatively higher-functioning and self-regulating heroin users that researchers have long recognized (Harding, 1988;Zinberg & Jacobson, 1976;Zinberg et al, 1978). However, none of these individuals would exactly fi t Zinberg's defi nition of "controlled drug use," because all of them were daily heroin users, and all met psychiatric criteria for current opioid dependence (but not other drug dependence, except nicotine, or serious mental illness).…”

Section: Draus Roddy Greenwaldmentioning

confidence: 94%

“I Always Kept a Job”: Income Generation, Heroin Use and Economic Uncertainty in 21st Century Detroit

Draus¹,

Roddy²,

Greenwald³

2010

Journal of Drug Issues

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This qualitative study, based on a series of 30 in-depth interviews and 109 economic surveys conducted with active heroin users residing in and around Detroit, Michigan, describes reported patterns of heroin use and income generation activities. In spite of lack of access to regular, legal employment, we found that many participants displayed a dedication to regular daily routine and a sense of risk management or control. These findings are discussed relative to past research on heroin addiction as well as recent research on the changing nature of employment. We argue that this sample fits somewhere in between the controlled or working addict, and the “junkie” or “righteous dope fiend” of urban lore. We draw a connection between these stable patterns of addiction and income generation and the demands of informal and insecure labor markets. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for further research, interventions, and public policy.

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“…In practice, most studies on substance consumption focused on a few number of substances at a time, such as cannabis (Kokkevi, Gabhainn, Spyropoulou, and the Risk Behaviour Focus Group of the HBSC, 2006), tobacco, and alcohol (Jackson, Sher, Wood, & Bucholz, 2003), or a group of substances altogether, such as 'illicit drugs' (Kandel, Treiman, Faust, & Single, 1976;Sutherland & Willner, 1998;Degenhardt, Hall, & Lynskey, 2001;Hao, Su, Xiao, Fan, Chen, Liu, & Young, 2004). Other papers considered patterns of use, but for one drug only (Harding, 1988;Epstein, Labouvie, McCrady, Swingle, & Wern, 2004;Stranges, Notaro, Freudenheim, Calogero, Muti, Farinaro, Russell, Nochajski, & Trevisan, 2006;Velicer, Redding, Anatchkova, Fava, & Prochaska, 2006;Daniulaityte, Carlson, & Siegal, 2007). Few papers dealt with the actual patterns of use, i.e.…”

Section: Multi-substance Patternsmentioning

confidence: 98%

First use of multiple substances: Identification of meaningful patterns

Berchtold

Jeannin

Akré

et al. 2010

Journal of Substance Use

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Context: Understanding the process through which adolescents and young adults are trying legal and illegal substances is a crucial point for the development of tailored prevention and treatment programs. However, patterns of substance first use can be very complex when multiple substances are considered, requiring reduction into a few meaningful number of categories. Data: We used data from a survey on adolescent and young adult health conducted in 2002 in Switzerland. Answers from 2212 subjects aged 19 and 20 were included. The first consumption ever of 10 substances (tobacco, cannabis, medicine to get high, sniff (volatile substances, and inhalants), ecstasy, GHB, LSD, cocaine, methadone, and heroin) was considered for a grand total of 516 different patterns. Methods: In a first step, automatic clustering was used to decrease the number of patterns to 50. Then, two groups of substance use experts, three social field workers, and three toxicologists and health professionals, were asked to reduce them into a maximum of 10 meaningful categories. Results: Classifications obtained through our methodology are of practical interest by revealing associations invisible to purely automatic algorithms. The article includes a detailed analysis of both final classifications, and a discussion on the advantages and limitations of our approach.

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Patterns of Heroin Use: what do we know?

Abstract: Summary Set against a background of assumptions that heroin use is inevitably problematic

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Drug Use Control Perception and Strategies in General and Clinical Population in a Spanish City

Drug Use Control Perception and Strategies in General and Clinical Population in a Spanish City

“I Always Kept a Job”: Income Generation, Heroin Use and Economic Uncertainty in 21st Century Detroit

First use of multiple substances: Identification of meaningful patterns

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