Patterns of depressive symptoms in expectant and new parents

Raskin, Valerie D.; Richman, Judith A.; Gaines, Cheryl

doi:10.1176/ajp.147.5.658

Cited by 57 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Two studies suggest that the prevalence of paternal depression decreases shortly after the birth of a baby and then gradually increases over the child's first year (Cox 2005; Matthey et al 2000), whereas other studies show paternal depressive symptoms to be relatively stable throughout the perinatal period (Deater-Deckard et al 1998; Raskin et al 1990). Our review identified no studies that document the longitudinal interrelationship between maternal and paternal depression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The course and interrelationship of maternal and paternal perinatal depression

Paulson

Bazemore

Goodman

et al. 2016

Arch Womens Ment Health

121

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The aims of the study were to describe course of depression in both mothers and fathers from the third trimester of pregnancy through 6 months postpartum and to examine the relationship between maternal and paternal depression. Hypotheses were as follows: (a) Depressive symptoms would be correlated between parents and (b) earlier depressive symptoms in one parent would predict later increases in depression in the other. Eighty cohabitating primiparous couples were recruited from prenatal OBGYN visits and community agencies and enrolled during pregnancy, between 28-week gestation and delivery. Participants completed measures of depression on four occasions: baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum. Ninety-eight percent of the enrolled couples (78; 156 individuals) completed the study. For both mothers and fathers, symptom severity ratings and classification as a probable case were stable across time, with prenatal depression persisting through 6 months in 75 % of mothers and 86 % of fathers. Prenatal depression in fathers predicted worsening depressive symptom severity in mothers across the first six postpartum months but not vice versa. In both expecting/new mothers and fathers, depression demonstrates a stable pattern of occurrence and symptom severity between 28-month gestation and 6 months postpartum. Although prenatal maternal depression is not predictive of symptom change in fathers, mothers with prenatally depressed partners showed significant worsening in overall symptom severity during the first six postpartum months.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The course and interrelationship of maternal and paternal perinatal depression

Paulson

Bazemore

Goodman

et al. 2016

Arch Womens Ment Health

121

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“…Although the EPDS has been validated in many different settings, the cutoff varies, and this is reflected in the range of cutoffs used (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used in 5 studies, 22,27,28,31,32 while the Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition and General Health Questionnaire were used by 1 study. 33 One study used the Kessler-6 scale, which measures nonspecific distress or mental illness.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 6 studies (26%), data were presented for the antenatal period. [23][24][25][26][27][28] Two studies reported couple-level data for both antenatal and postnatal time points. 25,27 All studies were performed in high-income countries (according to World Bank gross national income per capita criteria), 29 apart from 1 that was performed in Brazil.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27][28] Two studies reported couple-level data for both antenatal and postnatal time points. 25,27 All studies were performed in high-income countries (according to World Bank gross national income per capita criteria), 29 apart from 1 that was performed in Brazil. 30 All studies used validated screening tools to assess risk of mood disorders.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Perinatal Depression and Anxiety in Both Parents

2022

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IMPORTANCE New and expectant parents experience perinatal mood disorders, with consequences to parenting ability, bonding with the neonate, interpersonal relationships, and health and well-being of parents. Research shows that maternal and paternal perinatal mood disorders are associated, but no recent systematic review has addressed the prevalence of perinatal mood disorders in both mothers and fathers (parental dyad).

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“… Matthey et al (2000) found the 53% of mothers who scored high on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck et al, 1961 ) at 12 months of the baby had partners who also reached high scores. Soliday et al (1999) reported that 19.6% of both parents reported the presence of depressive symptoms 1 month after the delivery, and about 4.7% of them also at 8 weeks after the delivery ( Raskin et al, 1990 ). Escribà-Aguir et al (2008) , considering a sample of 687 women and 669 men, found a prevalence of depression in the 10.3% of women, and a 6.5% of prevalence in men, as assessed by the Spanish version of EPDS ( Cox et al, 1987 ).…”

Section: The Couple Functioning During the Transition To Parenthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin to skin interactions. Does the infant massage improve the couple functioning?

et al. 2015

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Transition to parenthood is a critical stage of life due to several changes the couple has to handle. A large body of studies described how transition to parenthood can be linked to the onset of depressive symptoms, as well as the perception of a low social support, and an increased stress, representing a risk for the early mother–baby relationship. Infant massage (IM) emerged as a helpful tool to improve maternal skills in interacting with the baby, and leading toward a decreasing of post-partum symptoms. However, a growing body of literature highlights that men also may experience post-partum diseases, representing an additional risk for the development of the baby. To date, no study observed the impact of the IM on both partners. The aim of the current qualitative research is to observe the impact of the IM on a single couple of parents at childbirth. Pre (Time 1) and post-intervention (Time 3) procedure has been established to observe the changes occurring over the time in the couple. In particular, each member of the couple filled out the EPDS, the BDI-II, the MSPSS, and the PSI-SF both at Time 1 and at Time 3. The treatment (Time 2) was represented by the IM training, and lasted 4 weeks. Findings revealed a decrease in depressive symptoms in both partners, as well as an improvement of their perception of stress related to parental role. No changes has been detected with respect to the perception of social support. The IM seems to be a helpful approach to prevent the establishment of pathological conditions in new parents. Although no direct measures on the child were used, the current qualitative data seem to suggest that the IM may represent a valuable tool to prevent the onset of early negative outcomes of the baby. Further investigations and empirical data are needed to improve the knowledge in this field.

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Patterns of depressive symptoms in expectant and new parents

Cited by 57 publications

References 8 publications

The course and interrelationship of maternal and paternal perinatal depression

The course and interrelationship of maternal and paternal perinatal depression

Prevalence of Perinatal Depression and Anxiety in Both Parents

Skin to skin interactions. Does the infant massage improve the couple functioning?

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