Patterns of co-morbidity of eating disorders and substance use in Swedish females

Root, Tammy L.; Pisetsky, Emily M.; Thornton, Laura M.; Lichtenstein, Paul; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Bulik, Cynthia M.

doi:10.1017/s0033291709005662

Cited by 112 publications

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“…Within the eating disorder population, rates of alcohol abuse and dependence are higher in women who have an eating disorder compared with women who do not. Women with a binge-purge form of eating disorder (bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa) have higher rates of alcohol abuse and dependence (22%-35%) than do women with the restricting type of anorexia nervosa (~9%) (Krug et al, 2009;Root et al, 2010). These rates of alcohol abuse and dependence among women with an eating disorder are compared to 6% in women without a history of an eating disorder (Root et al, 2010 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Women with a binge-purge form of eating disorder (bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa) have higher rates of alcohol abuse and dependence (22%-35%) than do women with the restricting type of anorexia nervosa (~9%) (Krug et al, 2009;Root et al, 2010). These rates of alcohol abuse and dependence among women with an eating disorder are compared to 6% in women without a history of an eating disorder (Root et al, 2010). Thus, it is possible that binge eating and/or inappropriate compensatory behaviors (including purging [self-induced vomiting and laxative/diuretic use] and nonpurging [fasting, excessive exercise, and strict dieting] behaviors) may be instrumental in explaining the association between alcohol use disorders and eating disorders (Corte and Stein, 2000;Gadalla and Piran, 2007;Krug et al, 2009;Wiederman and Pryor, 1996).…”

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A Twin Study of Alcohol Dependence, Binge Eating, and Compensatory Behaviors

Munn‐Chernoff

Duncan

Grant

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Rates of alcohol dependence are elevated in women with eating disorders who engage in binge eating or compensatory behaviors compared with women with eating disorders who do not report binge eating or compensatory behaviors and with healthy controls. Alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors are heritable; however, it is unclear whether a shared genetic liability contributes to the phenotypic association among these traits, and little information exists regarding this shared liability in men. We investigated genetic and environmental correlations among alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors in male and female twins. Method: Participants included 5,993 same-and opposite-sex twins from the Australian Twin Registry who completed a modifi ed version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism that assessed lifetime alcohol dependence and binge eating as defi ned in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. Compensatory behaviors were assessed via a general health questionnaire in women only. Biometrical twin models estimated genetic and environmental infl uences on alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors. Results: In women, the multivariate twin model suggested that additive genetic and nonshared environmental effects infl uenced alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors, with heritability estimates ranging from 38% to 53%. The best-fi tting sex-limitation model was a common effects model that equated all genetic and nonshared environmental infl uences in men and women. The heritability estimates were 50% and 38% for alcohol dependence and binge eating, respectively. Overall, there were signifi cant genetic correlations between alcohol dependence and binge eating, alcohol dependence and compensatory behaviors, and binge eating and compensatory behaviors. PRIOR STUDIES HAVE SUGGESTED an association between alcohol use disorders and eating disorders in women. For example, within a population of women meeting criteria for alcohol dependence from the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism, lifetime rates of bulimia nervosa were ~6% in women-a rate greater than what would be expected in the general population (Schuckit et al., 1996). In addition, among women seeking treatment for alcohol abuse and dependence, 36% reported binge eating and 26% met diagnostic criteria for a probable eating disorder (Peveler and Fairburn, 1990). Within the eating disorder population, rates of alcohol abuse and dependence are higher in women who have an eating disorder compared with women who do not. Women with a binge-purge form of eating disorder (bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa) have higher rates of alcohol abuse and dependence (22%-35%) than do women with the restricting type of anorexia nervosa (~9%) (Krug et al., 2009;Root et al., 2010). These rates of alcohol abuse and dependence among women with an eating disorder are compared to 6% in women without a histo...

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Twin Study of Alcohol Dependence, Binge Eating, and Compensatory Behaviors

Munn‐Chernoff

Duncan

Grant

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…0.56) and EDNOS (i.e., 0.36). A large general population study (Root et al, 2010) reiterated this pattern across all eating disorder diagnostic groups. Compared with normal controls the probability of suffering from alcohol abuse was high for bulimia (OR 4.29;, and again, statistically significant lower for anorexia nervosa (OR 1.90; CI 95 1.35-2.66).…”

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confidence: 92%

Epidemiology of eating disorders part III: social epidemiology and case definitions revisited

Rosenvinge

Pettersen

2015

Advances in Eating Disorders

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The previous papers in this series (Rosenvinge & Pettersen, 2014a,b) outlined a historical panorama and presented knowledge about the distribution of eating disorders in various populations as well as about putative risk factors. This final paper focuses on social epidemiology, notably the current status of treatment dissemination and prevention research. We also discuss some comorbidity findings and transdiagnostic issues as an alternative to the DSM based definition of an epidemiological case, and how such an alternative definition may introduce new perspectives of prevention. Key words: eating disorders, epidemiology, reviewThe authors declare no conflict of interest in preparing this work 3 The present article is the final one of three about the epidemiology of eating disorders. The first one (Rosenvinge & Pettersen, 2014a) outlined basic epidemiological concepts, approaches and issues. In addition, it outlined a historical panorama of the epidemiology of eating disorders up to the early 1990s depicting, the evolvement of eating disorders from being one, curious and rare disorder (i.e., anorexia nervosa) to a set of disorders distributed in the population to an extent which has caught public concern and scientific effort for the past 30 or 40 years. This evolvement has resulted in case definitions through the DSM and ICD manuals, and being worldwide disseminated they haves had a major impact on case definition-and identification methods in epidemiological eating disorder research.The second paper in this series (Rosenvinge & Pettersen, 2014b) outlined recent knowledge about descriptive epidemiology; how many who actually have a DSM eating disorder or significant eating problems at a given point of time (i.e., the point prevalence), or in the past (i.e., the lifetime prevalence), as well as about the number of new cases appearing per year (i.e., the incidence). In addition, we focused on issues within analytic epidemiology, notably what is known about risk factors for developing eating disorders or for staying ill for a longer period of time.Case identification methods require a case definition which is useful for analytic and social epidemiological purposes, and not just for describing the prevalence or incidence.Traditionally, the DSM taxonomy has provided a gold standard. This may be questioned in view of mental disorders most likely to come along with eating disorders, most likely to affect their course, and where the comorbidity may point to transdiagnostic factors possibly relevant to epidemiological research. The first aim of this paper is to discuss the relevance and implications of such perspectives in constructing an epidemiological case definition.Social epidemiology becomes relevant when we have some answers from descriptive epidemiology to the "how many-questions", and from analytical epidemiology to the "who, and "why"-questions. One part of social epidemiology concerns prevention, and which may take the approach of health promotion at a universal (general population) level, i.e., by...

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“…A insatisfação corporal foi associada à alterações neuropsicológicas (Guarda, 2008), necessidade por aprovação e sintomatologia depressiva (Abbate-Daga et al, 2010). As diferentes tentativas de perda de peso podem incluir o uso de substâncias como tabaco, bebidas alcoólicas, cocaína, derivados anfetamínicos e pilulas emagrecedoras com diuréticos e hormônios da tireóide, ou negligencia do uso de insulina em indivíduos diabéticos (Krug et al, 2008;Root et al, 2010;Alves et al, 2011;Pinhas-Hamil e LevyShraga, 2013). …”

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“…Embora tanto pacientes do subtipo restritivo quanto do subtipo purgativo apresentem altos níveis de persistência, perfeccionismo, necessidade de controle, traços obsessivo-compulsivos, pacientes diagnosticados com anorexia nervosa purgativa apresentam maiores níveis de busca por novas sensações e impulsividade, além de maior risco de uso de tabaco, drogas e álcool ao longo da vida (Cassin e von Ranson, 2005;Krug et al, 2008;Root et al, 2010).…”

Section: Subtiposunclassified

Fatores de risco para o abandono do tratamento hospitalar para transtorno alimentares

Carvalho¹

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SUMMARY/ABSTRACTCarvalho, LSL. Risk factors for dropping out of inpatient treatment for eating disorers [Dissertação]. São Paulo, "Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo"; 2013.INTRODUCTION: Although is a frequent event, there is no consensus on what factors would be involved in the dropout of treatment for eating disorders. This study aimed to identify risk factors for the dropout of an inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Aspects previous to the hospitalization, clinical features present at the admission and factors related to the period of the inpatient treatment of patients who dropped out and completed treatment were compared. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study, case-control, with the dropout of the treatment being considered the interest condition. Medical records of female patients admitted to a specialized ward in treating anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa between the years 2005 and 2010 were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 259 admissions and 178 patients, research subjects were 103 women, of which 83 completed treatment and 20 dropped out, resulting in a dropout rate of treatment of 19.42%. For the statistical treatment of the data was performed univariate analysis with subsequent multivariate logistic regression with backward stepwise selection analysis of the variables considered significant. In univariate analysis, professional removal due to illness severity, existence of affective relationship, lower BMI at admission, admissions motivated by low weight, diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and existence of purging behaviors (present in all patients who dropped out the treatment) were considered as factors related to dropout treatment. After conducting the logistic regression, we found that patients at admission who were removed from the job due to the illness severity, maintained a romantic relationship and were hospitalized due to low weight were more likely to dropout the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the dropout of treatment was influenced by sociodemographic factors (professional removal due to illness severity and existence of a romantic relationship), for diagnostic variables (diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and purging symptoms) and aspects of symptom severity (lower BMI and hospitalization motivated by low weight). These results lead us to the egosyntonic character of eating disorders, especially anorexia nervosa, and bring a paradox: patients that on admission showed more severe symptoms of the Eating Disorder (with lower weight and disabled to work) were more likely to dropout of the treatment. Although it has several limitations, mainly due to the retrospective design, the present research is the first study of dropout of inpatient treatment for eating disorders held in Brazil. It is suggested to run with prospective investigations to confirm or refute our findings.

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Patterns of co-morbidity of eating disorders and substance use in Swedish females

Abstract: Background-Little is known about the association of eating disorder (ED) subtypes across multiple categories of substance use (SU) in population-based samples. We examined the association between EDs and SU in a large population-based sample.

Cited by 112 publications

References 62 publications

A Twin Study of Alcohol Dependence, Binge Eating, and Compensatory Behaviors

A Twin Study of Alcohol Dependence, Binge Eating, and Compensatory Behaviors

Epidemiology of eating disorders part III: social epidemiology and case definitions revisited

Fatores de risco para o abandono do tratamento hospitalar para transtorno alimentares

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