Patterns of alcohol use among Canadian military personnel and their associations with health and well-being.

Richer, Isabelle; Lee, Jennifer E. C.; Born, Jennifer

doi:10.1037/hea0000328

Cited by 13 publications

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References 50 publications

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“…Excessive alcohol use can lead to risky behaviors and several physical, psychological, interpersonal, and operational problems. 1,3,5,8,9 Information regarding correlates of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and help-seeking behaviors among individuals with AUDs is critical for the development and implementation of targeted prevention and intervention strategies aimed at reducing barriers to care for those with AUDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problematic alcohol use has been associated with younger age, male gender, and lower income and education in military 1,2,3,[5][6][7][8]10 and civilian populations. 11,12 Additionally, problematic alcohol use in the military has been associated with lower rank, military branch, and high levels of combat exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,12 Additionally, problematic alcohol use in the military has been associated with lower rank, military branch, and high levels of combat exposure. 5,6,8,9 Comorbid mental conditions are also prevalent among individuals with AUDs. 1,6,8,[12][13][14][15][16] Individuals may use alcohol as a means to self-medicate for mental health problems or to cope with exposure to traumatic events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6,8,9 Comorbid mental conditions are also prevalent among individuals with AUDs. 1,6,8,[12][13][14][15][16] Individuals may use alcohol as a means to self-medicate for mental health problems or to cope with exposure to traumatic events. 1 Findings on the association between deployment and AUDs have been mixed, with some studies showing greater risk in previously deployed military personnel [17][18][19] and others pointing to equal 20 or lower risk 21,22 relative to those who have not deployed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Epidemiology of Alcohol Use Disorders in Military Personnel versus the General Population in Canada: Épidémiologie clinique des troubles liés à la consommation d’alcool chez les militaires par opposition à la population générale du Canada

Taillieu

Afifi

Zamorski³

et al. 2020

Can J Psychiatry

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Objectives: Research suggests a high prevalence of problematic alcohol use among military personnel relative to civilians. Our primary objectives were to compare the prevalence, correlates, help-seeking behaviors, perceived need for care, and barriers to care for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) and the Canadian general population (CGP). Methods: Data were from 2 nationally representative surveys collected by Statistics Canada: (1) the Canadian Community Health Survey on Mental Health collected in 2012 ( N = 25,113; response rate = 68.9%) and (2) the Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey collected in 2013 ( N = 8,161; response rate = 79.8%). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine differences in outcomes of interest associated with AUDs in the CAF and CGP. Results: The prevalence of lifetime AUDs was significantly higher in the CAF (32.0%) than the CGP (20.3%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI, 1.02 to 1.27]) after adjustment for sociodemographic covariates. In contrast, the past-year prevalence of AUDs was significantly lower among CAF personnel (4.5%) than civilians (3.8%; AOR = 0.78, 95% CI [0.61 to 0.99]) after adjustment for sociodemographic covariates. Child abuse history and comorbid mental disorders were strongly associated with past-year AUDs in both populations. CAF personnel compared to the CGP were more likely to perceive a need for care (AOR = 4.15, 95% CI [2.56 to 6.72]) and engage in help-seeking behaviors (significant AORs ranged from 1.85 to 5.54). CAF personnel and civilians with past-year AUDs reported different barriers to care. Conclusions: Findings argue for the value of different approaches to address unmet need for AUD care in the CAF and CGP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Epidemiology of Alcohol Use Disorders in Military Personnel versus the General Population in Canada: Épidémiologie clinique des troubles liés à la consommation d’alcool chez les militaires par opposition à la population générale du Canada

Taillieu

Afifi

Zamorski³

et al. 2020

Can J Psychiatry

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“…Also, following the work of Smith and colleagues (2014) and Jacobson and colleagues (2008), changes in drinking patterns, mental health disorders, and their influence on one another should be examined longitudinally (e.g., in past research, members with new-onset mental disorders were two to three times more likely to newly report hazardous drinking). Although drinking patterns have been associated with health and well-being within the CAF (Richer, Lee, & Born, 2016), they have not yet been examined longitudinally.…”

Section: Longitudinal Impact First Results Bring To Light Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Stressors and Strain on Alcohol Use in Canadian Armed Forces Members

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Historically, alcohol consumption in the military has been widespread, especially postdeployment, which causes concern for the leadership of the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) in the post-Afghanistan deployment era. In order to shed light onto this important issue, two studies assessed the impact of multiple stressors and strain on alcohol consumption utilizing a stressor-strain-alcohol consumption model (SSAC model).Moreover, generational differences in alcohol consumption as well as various elements of the SSAC model were examined. In Study 1, an initial model identified the influence of pre-military service life stressors on alcohol consumption in recently enrolled members and found that increases in Negative Life Events and Exposure to Violence in their preservice lives were associated with increases in alcohol consumption, and that these associations were mediated by posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD).Interestingly, Millennials were found to consume more alcohol than both Gen Xers and Late Baby Boomers, and they also demonstrated weaker associations between Childhood Neglect/Depression, Childhood Neglect/PTSD, and alcohol consumption/Negative Life Events than did Gen Xers. Equally noteworthy, Gen Xers and Late Baby Boomers consumed alcohol to the same degree. In Study 2, a revised model was tested in the postdeployment context with Combat Exposure as the stressor. Also, baseline information from pre-enrollment (Time 1) was controlled in the post-deployment SSAC model (Time 2) to further elucidate the impact of Combat Exposure on strain and alcohol consumption.Results indicated which stressors, namely Negative Life Events and Childhood Adversity, and strain (i.e., Depression and PTSD), had cumulative, long-term effects on members' alcohol consumption. Generations did not differ significantly on alcohol consumption, but it was noted that Millennials demonstrated weaker association between Time 1 and Time STRESSOR-STRAIN-ALCOHOL USE iii 2 alcohol consumption than did Gen Xers. This thesis bridges the gap in our understanding of alcohol consumption in a highly relevant and high-risk environment, thereby providing the CAF with insight into current alcohol consumption trends and precursors to alcohol consumption across generations. STRESSOR-STRAIN-ALCOHOL USEiv Acknowledgements Without a doubt, I would not have accomplished the thesis without the guidance, support, and friendship of many generous and giving individuals.First, I would like to thank my two advisers for their contributions to my thesis.Dr. Jennifer Lee challenged me and greatly contributed to my understanding of the effects of alcohol consumption in stress-strain and post-deployment contexts; my ability to conduct, interpret, and write statistical analysis, especially mediation; and pushed my creative research boundaries. I will not be able to repay her for her selfless efforts and massive amounts of time and patience. Dr. Janet Mantler provided sound advice on the thesis process, insightful feedback on my thesis, and guided me to my thesis t...

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Alcohol use affects sleep duration among military couples

Berzins

Dulmen

DeLuca

2018

Military Psychology

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Patterns of alcohol use among Canadian military personnel and their associations with health and well-being.

Abstract: Findings highlight the heterogeneity of alcohol users and heavy drinkers among CAF members and the need for tailored interventions addressing high-risk alcohol use. Results have the potential to inform prevention strategies and screening efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Clinical Epidemiology of Alcohol Use Disorders in Military Personnel versus the General Population in Canada: Épidémiologie clinique des troubles liés à la consommation d’alcool chez les militaires par opposition à la population générale du Canada

Clinical Epidemiology of Alcohol Use Disorders in Military Personnel versus the General Population in Canada: Épidémiologie clinique des troubles liés à la consommation d’alcool chez les militaires par opposition à la population générale du Canada

The Influence of Stressors and Strain on Alcohol Use in Canadian Armed Forces Members

Alcohol use affects sleep duration among military couples

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