Patterns of activity adaptation in humeral trabecular bone in Neolithic humans and present‐day people

Scherf, Heike; Wahl, Joachim; Hublin, Jean‐Jacques; Harvati, Katerina

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22835

Cited by 48 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…A similar pattern of gracilization in recent humans, compared with a Neolithic population, is also present in the proximal humerus (Scherf et al. ). Chirchir et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…lower BV/TV and Tb.Th) than in Neolithic modern humans (5700–4900 BP) (Scherf et al. ). The timing of this reduction in BV/TV may be related to changes in overall activity level, with recent mobile foragers having stronger bone (higher BV/TV, higher Tb.Th, lower bone surface to volume ratio) in the proximal and distal femur and tibia compared with recent sedentary agriculturalists (Ryan & Shaw, ; Saers et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the humeral head, chimpanzees have higher BV/TV than Neolithic modern humans, recent modern populations and Pongo (Scherf et al. , ). Thus, activity levels alone may not explain the systemic difference in BV/TV between humans, chimpanzees, and other primate taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Ryan & Walker, ; Shaw & Ryan, ; Scherf et al. , ) and, for historical reasons (Skedros & Baucom, ), the proximal femur (e.g. Fajardo & Müller, ; MacLatchy & Müller, ; Ryan & Ketcham, ,b, ; Scherf, ; Ryan & Walker, ; Saparin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, many trabecular bone analyses have focused on the primate proximal humerus (e.g. Fajardo & M€ uller, 2001;Fajardo et al 2007;Ryan & Walker, 2010;Scherf et al 2013Scherf et al , 2015 and, for historical reasons (Skedros & Baucom, 2007), the proximal femur (e.g. Fajardo & M€ uller, 2001;MacLatchy & M€ uller, 2002;Ryan & Ketcham, 2002a,b, 2005Scherf, 2008;Ryan & Walker, 2010;Saparin et al 2011;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systemic patterns of trabecular bone across the human and chimpanzee skeleton

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Aspects of trabecular bone architecture are thought to reflect regional loading of the skeleton, and thus differ between primate taxa with different locomotor and postural modes. However, there are several systemic factors that affect bone structure that could contribute to, or be the primary factor determining, interspecific differences in bone structure. These systemic factors include differences in genetic regulation, sensitivity to loading, hormone levels, diet, and activity levels. Improved understanding of inter-/intraspecific variability, and variability across the skeleton of an individual, is required to interpret properly potential functional signals present within trabecular structure. Using a whole-region method of analysis, we investigated trabecular structure throughout the skeleton of humans and chimpanzees. Trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), degree of anisotropy (DA) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) were quantified from high resolution micro-computed tomographic scans of the humeral and femoral head, third metacarpal and third metatarsal head, distal tibia, talus and first thoracic vertebra. We found that BV/TV is, in most anatomical sites, significantly higher in chimpanzees than in humans, suggesting a systemic difference in trabecular structure unrelated to local loading regime. Differences in BV/TV between the forelimb and hindlimb did not clearly reflect differences in locomotor loading in the study taxa. There were no clear systemic differences between the taxa in DA and, as such, this parameter might reflect function and relate to differences in joint loading. This systemic approach reveals both the pattern of variability across the skeleton and between taxa, and helps identify those features of trabecular structure that may relate to joint function.

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“…A similar pattern of gracilization in recent humans, compared with a Neolithic population, is also present in the proximal humerus (Scherf et al. ). Chirchir et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systemic patterns of trabecular bone across the human and chimpanzee skeleton

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Postcranial morphology, nontraditional analysis

Ruff

2018

The International Encyclopedia of Biological Anthropology

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Consideration of the full range of physiological influences on skeletal morphology can lead to a much richer and more accurate reconstruction of past lifeways and adaptations. Behavioral variation can be assessed through measurement of mechanically relevant structural parameters, including long‐bone diaphyseal cross‐sectional geometry. Comparison of changes occurring on different bone envelopes (endosteal versus periosteal) can give insights into systemic (dietary) versus more localized (mechanical) influences. Appreciation of varying developmental constraints on different features, as well as environmental influences such as climate, can help to explain differences in skeletal proportions.

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Appendix 1: Study Samples

2017

Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans

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Patterns of activity adaptation in humeral trabecular bone in Neolithic humans and present‐day people

Cited by 48 publications

References 64 publications

Systemic patterns of trabecular bone across the human and chimpanzee skeleton

Systemic patterns of trabecular bone across the human and chimpanzee skeleton

Postcranial morphology, nontraditional analysis

Appendix 1: Study Samples

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