Patterns in use: a study on routes of administration of Asian drug users

Evaluating the service provision for ethnic minorities in Islington in the treatment of substance misuse

“…These barriers were language and a poor understanding of drug services and, as mentioned, are similar to previous research findings in the UK (Bashford et al, 2003;Fountain, 2009a-e;Fernandez, 2002). However, some of the barriers are created by limitations of funding.…”

“…Also, the level of crack use was minimal, similar to the presentations discovered in previous research from 2000-2005(Fernandez, 2002. This is further verified by the national 2007 survey completed in 2008(Gordon et al, 2008.…”

“…A little knowledge of the role played by the family in Asian communities and its influence should have been beneficial to clinical thinking to address the issue and provide treatment more effectively. As it is, there is a cultural gap in clinicians' understanding of the patients they are treating (Fernandez, 2002).…”

An exploratory study of image and performance enhancement drug use in a male British South Asian community

“…Given the reporting of mutual gym injecting and sharing of vials, users entrenched in peer support networks but avoiding social sanctions and stigma from others, may create risk for potential harms (Boardley, Grix, & Dewar, 2014). Perceptions of low health risk support the emergent need for the targeting of specific harm reduction education, outreach and development of culturally appropriate services (Fernandez, 2002;Shams Uddin, Bhugra, & Johnson, 2008;Whitfield et al, 2014). Traditionally, low drug service uptake of British South Asians has been observed, with barriers to accessing services centring on lack of information, trust in cultural competence, and fears relating to jeopardy of immigration status (Beddoes et al, 2010;Fountain et al, 2002;Williams & Ismail, 2012).…”

“…Older users viewed moderated use of enhancement drugs in efforts not to look 'fake' as legitimised health promotion vehicle in circumventing religious arguments. The complexities of religiousity, gendered, ethnic and generational factors impacting on low rates of drinking, smoking and illicit drug use in British South Asian communities is well evidenced (Beddoes, Sheikh, Khanna, & Pralat, 2010;Bradby & Williams, 2006;Fernandez, 2002;Hussein Rassool, 2006;Jayakody et al, 2006;Johnston, O'Malley, Bachman, & Schulenberg, 2006;Karlsen, Rogers, & McCarthy, 1998;Wanigaratne, Unnithan, & Strang, 2001;Williams & Ismail, 2012). Religious commitment within ethnic social connectivity can act as protective mechanism to deter risky drinking and illicit drug use among second generation ethnic minority groups in the UK (Bradby, 2007;Chitwood, Weiss, & Luekefeld, 2008;Hill, Burdette, Weiss, & Chitwood, 2009;Ford & Hill, 2012;Fountain et al, 2002;George, Ellison, & Larson, 2002;Orford, Johnson, & Purser, 2004).…”