“…VMS is most commonly associated with Geographical Positioning Systems (GPS), but also incorporates other monitoring technologies. VMS is capable of providing data at high spatial and temporal resolution and has been installed in numerous fisheries (Campbell et al, 2014;Gerritsen and Lordan, 2010;Jennings and Lee, 2012;Witt and Godley, 2007), although to date, VMS has been mostly deployed in industrial fisheries, where it is sometimes mandatory (Bertrand et al, 2008). Several aspects of fishing activities can be monitored using VMS, including vessel position, operational characteristics, engine operation, and soak time (Kindt-Larsen et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2010;Vermard et al, 2010).…”