Patterns and Predictors of Tic Suppressibility in Youth with Tic Disorders

Conelea, Christine A.; Wellen, Brianna; Woods, Douglas W.; Greene, Deanna J.; Black, Kevin J.; Specht, Matthew W.; Himle, Michael B.; Lee, Hanjoo; Capriotti, Matthew R.

doi:10.1101/204933

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…They can then provide an immediate contingent reward for successful tic suppression in the form of a token dispensed from the tic detector remotely, which can be exchanged for money at the end of the study. Many studies using the TST paradigm in children with tics have demonstrated that adding rewards for tic-free periods to verbal instruction to suppress tics yielded greater reduction in tics than verbal instruction alone [14,16,17,22,23]. Further, contingency of the reward was important, as tokens delivered noncontingently did not show similar benefit on tic reduction [24].…”

Section: Clinical Phenomenology Of Tic Suppressibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With years of experience suppressing tics, patients with tics may become better at tic suppression over time. Tic suppressibility is observable in children younger than 10 years old, but is correlated with age and frequency of tics [23,26]. Still, somewhat surprisingly, children with recent onset of tics (i.e., within 6 months of tic onset) can suppress about 40% of their tics and do so more efficiently with immediate contingent reward [27].…”

Section: Clinical Phenomenology Of Tic Suppressibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another potential negative effect of tic suppression is that some children (<10%) paradoxically have more tics when trying to suppress them [23]. This paradoxical increase in tics may stem from attempts to control premonitory urges.…”

Section: Clinical Phenomenology Of Tic Suppressibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates and Clinical Implications of Tic Suppressibility

Ueda

Kim

Greene

et al. 2021

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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Purpose of review: Tic disorders are common in the pediatric population and are differentiated from other movement disorders by tic suppressibility. Understanding the mechanism of tic suppression may provide new insights to the pathophysiology of tic disorders. This article highlights clinical phenomenology and neuronal correlates of tic suppressibility. Recent findings:Recent studies suggest that tic suppressibility exists in children shortly after onset of their tics. Moreover, those who are better able to suppress their tics have better tic outcomes. Interoceptive awareness and automatic action inhibition may be involved in tic suppression. Summary:We illustrate a possible underlying mechanism of tic suppressibility and its clinical correlations and implications. New concepts such as interoceptive awareness and action inhibition may help explain tic disorders. Further study will be useful to fill remaining knowledge gaps.

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Section: Clinical Phenomenology Of Tic Suppressibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Phenomenology Of Tic Suppressibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates and Clinical Implications of Tic Suppressibility

Ueda

Kim

Greene

et al. 2021

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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“…Woods and Himle developed a tic suppression paradigm (TSP) that could be used in the experimental setting to demonstrate and quantify the effects of intentional tic suppression on tic rate in Tourette syndrome (TS) and other tic disorders 1– 5 . In this paradigm, each participant is observed during several experimental conditions, baseline and differential reinforcement of zero-rate ticcing (DRO), and sometimes also verbal instruction to suppress tics and/or noncontingent reinforcement (NCR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TicTimer software for measuring tic suppression

2017

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Woods and Himle developed a standardized tic suppression paradigm (TSP) for the experimental setting, to quantify the effects of intentional tic suppression in Tourette syndrome. The present article describes a Java program that automates record keeping and reward dispensing during the several experimental conditions of the TSP. The software can optionally be connected to a commercial reward token dispenser to further automate reward delivery to the participant. The timing of all tics, 10-second tic-free intervals, and dispensed rewards is recorded in plain text files for later analysis. Expected applications include research on Tourette syndrome and related disorders.

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Patterns and Predictors of Tic Suppressibility in Youth with Tic Disorders

Abstract: Background: Tic suppression is the primary target of tic disorder treatment, but factors that

Cited by 2 publications

References 45 publications

Correlates and Clinical Implications of Tic Suppressibility

Correlates and Clinical Implications of Tic Suppressibility

TicTimer software for measuring tic suppression

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