Patterns and Impacts of Movements at Different Scales in Small Mammals

Diffendorfer, James E.; Gaines, Michael S.; Holt, Robert D.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-21622-5_4

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The distance between a source population and a monitoring site is assumed to be important, as each species has its action radius, and the potential to disperse over a certain distance in time (Wolff, 1999;Wijnhoven et al, 2005). Distance is also assumed to be positively related to recolonisation time (Diffendorfer et al, 1999), and negatively related to the 'logarithm of presence' ln(P), in the absence of interference by other factors. For A. sylvaticus, increasing distance was indeed significantly related to absence or an increase in recolonisation time (in 2 of the 3 models which explain more than 25% of the variance in the data), and the same was true for M. minutus (in model III; Table 2).…”

Section: Landscape Characteristics and Recolonisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How long it will take before barriers are crossed is related to barrier characteristics, and increasing densities within the source area can function as a trigger to cross barriers (Montgomery et al, 1991). It is often assumed that individuals (active dispersers more so than non-active dispersers) regularly sally outside suitable habitats, which is often encouraged by crowding (Gaines & McClenaghan, 1980;Bondrup-Nielsen, 1985;Bondrup-Nielsen & Karlsson, 1985;Van Apeldoorn et al, 1992;Diffendorfer et al, 1999). These movements through unsuitable habitats are more likely to result in the crossing of a partial barrier when its width is smaller.…”

Section: Landscape Characteristics and Recolonisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Riverine landscapes are dynamic, and biologically and spatially complex, characterised by a successional landscape mosaic with high habitat heterogeneity (Robinson et al, 2002). Characteristics of the landscape elements between small mammal source populations and unoccupied suitable habitats, like distance, the presence and characteristics of barriers and the spatial arrangement of suitable habitat areas, are expected to affect the dispersal (in terms of speed and direction) of animals (Van Apeldoorn et al, 1992;Diffendorfer et al, 1999;Peles et al, 1999;Matthiopoulos, 2003). The role of various landscape characteristics in guiding dispersal and recolonisation may be species-specific, while landscape suitability may also differ for various species (Kozakiewicz, 1993;Bowers & Barrett, 1999;Robinson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling Recolonisation of Heterogeneous River Floodplains by Small Mammals

et al. 2006

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Riverine landscapes are characterised by recurrent flooding events and successional landscape mosaics with high habitat heterogeneity, providing species-specific patterns of suitable and unsuitable biotopes. Landscape characteristics, like distance, barriers and their specifications (e.g. cumulative barrier width, barrier number) and the spatial arrangement of suitable habitat areas, are expected to affect the dispersal of animals in landscapes. The distribution of voles, shrews and mice in a floodplain was monitored for 2 years using live traps. Recolonisation was found to be a slow process, resulting in a heterogeneous distribution of small mammals in the floodplains. Microtus arvalis was found just after the floods in low densities and on or near non-flooded areas only. From summer to autumn densities gradually increased, and specimens could be observed on larger distances from the non-flooded areas. The density development pattern of Crocidura russula was similar to that of M. arvalis, but densities increased faster. In contrast, Clethrionomys glareolus and Sorex araneus could immediately be observed in the former flooded areas just after the floods, but throughout the year these species were not trapped on distances further than 120 m from the non-flooded areas. Micromys minutus and Apodemus sylvaticus were trapped only occasionally in spring and summer after which those species could be found throughout the floodplain in larger densities in autumn. To analyse the influence of landscape characteristics on recolonisation, the floodplain was classified into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat landscape units for each of the small mammal species, based on the trapping results. Landscape characteristics relating to monitoring sites were measured from an aerial photograph using a geographic information system. After that, presence and recolonisation time of small mammals at monitoring sites could be described by multiple regression models based on these measured landscape characteristics. The predictive power of these models was tested in another floodplain by determining the species distribution after 35 weeks. Multiple regression models appeared to be useful in analysing recolonisation patterns and determining the importance of landscape characteristics for recolonisation by small mammals after flooding events. Available distribution data suggest three different types of recolonisers: (1) Gradual, density induced colonisers; (2) Active dispersers and (3) Long-distance dispersers after a lag. Results of regression models confirmed that M. arvalis could be characterised as a type 1 and A. sylvaticus as a type 3 species. The classification of the other species was not possible due to the relatively short time available for recolonisation.

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Section: Landscape Characteristics and Recolonisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Landscape Characteristics and Recolonisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling Recolonisation of Heterogeneous River Floodplains by Small Mammals

et al. 2006

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“…Colonization among habitat patches is more likely to occur between adjacent patches (Harrison, 1991;Doebeli and Ruxton, 1998;Thomas et al, 2001;Wiens, 2001) and in systems with more connectivity (Fahrig and Merriam, 1985;Hansson, 1991;Moilanen and Hanski, 2001). Thus, spatial configuration would affect the ability of a species to disperse and, in systems with habitat dynamics, the distance between suitable unoccupied and occupied patches (Doak et al, 1992;Diffendorfer et al, 1999). We expect that the spatial configuration of patches in a metapopulation-determined by the shape of the patch network (elongated or compact, for example) rather than the distance between neighboring patches-may affect not only colonization (Hanski and Ovaskainen, 2000) but also how much of the time a patch contains suitable habitat (Cochrane, 2003), by modifying the frequency at which patches are disturbed or colonized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How patch configuration affects the impact of disturbances on metapopulation persistence

Vuilleumier

Wilcox

Cairns

et al. 2007

Theoretical Population Biology

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Disturbances affect metapopulations directly through reductions in population size and indirectly through habitat modification. We consider how metapopulation persistence is affected by different disturbance regimes and the way in which disturbances spread, when metapopulations are compact or elongated, using a stochastic spatially explicit model which includes metapopulation and habitat dynamics. We discover that the risk of population extinction is larger for spatially aggregated disturbances than for spatially random disturbances. By changing the spatial configuration of the patches in the system-leading to different proportions of edge and interior patches-we demonstrate that the probability of metapopulation extinction is smaller when the metapopulation is more compact. Both of these results become more pronounced when colonization connectivity decreases. Our results have important management implication as edge patches, which are invariably considered to be less important, may play an important role as disturbance refugia. r

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“…Moreover, when it is essential to monitor taxa at species level, they must be species-specific, allowing determination of the presence/absence and/or (relative) abundance of the target species (e.g. Diffendorfer et al 1999;Gurnell et al 2004;Fisher et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

The use of species‐specific cone remains of sympatric arboreal rodents to monitor their distribution

Rima

Aloise

Cagnin

et al. 2007

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) is threatened with local extinction in those parts of its distribution range colonised by introduced alien squirrel species. Therefore, developing fast and economic monitoring techniques is becoming of increasing importance in relation to conservation and/or management of this species as well as for developing early-warning systems for undesired species (e.g. non-native, invasive species). We present a detailed description of cone-feeding techniques by edible dormouse (Glis glis), black rat (Rattus rattus) and Finlayson's squirrel (Callosciurus finlaysonii), that recently colonised a small area in the south of Italy, and compare these with signs left by red squirrels in conifer forests dominated by different tree species (Pinus halepensis, P. nigra, P. laricio, P. pinaster and P. leucodermis) in southern Italy. A total of 15,777 consumed cones were collected in 1997-2005 from 33 localities in Calabria and Lucania. Exact determination of consumer species of 100 cone remains by five trained observers was high (98.8%). We conclude that determination of consumed cones on cone feeding transects is an accurate and economic method for monitoring presence/absence of red squirrels in those parts of their range where they are sympatric with either edible dormice and/or black rats.

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Patterns and Impacts of Movements at Different Scales in Small Mammals

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

Modelling Recolonisation of Heterogeneous River Floodplains by Small Mammals

Modelling Recolonisation of Heterogeneous River Floodplains by Small Mammals

How patch configuration affects the impact of disturbances on metapopulation persistence

The use of species‐specific cone remains of sympatric arboreal rodents to monitor their distribution

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