Patterning the early<i>Xenopus</i>embryo

Heasman, Janet

doi:10.1242/dev.02304

Cited by 242 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…These cells continue to divide until the onset of gastrulation (Bauer et al, 1994). With the onset of gastrulation, mesendodermal differentiation begins, there is a sharp decline in proliferation rates, mainly of the gastrulating cells, and a series of morphogenetic movements begins to take place (Heasman, 2006). The regulated transition into gastrulation, including the repression of the actively maintained undifferentiated state, is vital for the survival of the embryo and its continued development.…”

Section: Regulation Of the Onset Of Gastrulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative autoregulation of Oct3/4 through Cdx1 promotes the onset of gastrulation

et al. 2011

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Gastrulation marks the onset of germ layer formation from undifferentiated precursor cells maintained by a network including the Pou5f1 gene, Oct3/4. Negative regulation of the undifferentiated state is a prerequisite for germ layer formation and subsequent development. A novel cross-regulatory network was characterized including the Pou5f1 and Cdx1 genes as part of the signals controlling the onset of gastrulation. Of particular interest was the observation that, preceding gastrulation, the Xenopus Oct3/4 factors, Oct60, Oct25, and Oct91, positively regulate Cdx1 expression through FGF signaling, and during gastrulation the Oct3/4 factors become repressors of Cdx1. Cdx1 negatively regulates the Pou5f1 genes during gastrulation, thus contributing to the repression of the network maintaining the undifferentiated state and promoting the onset of gastrulation. These regulatory interactions suggest that Oct3/4 initiates its own negative autoregulation through Cdx1 up-regulation to begin the repression of pluripotency in preparation for the onset of gastrulation and germ layer differentiation. Developmental Dynamics 240:796-807,

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Section: Regulation Of the Onset Of Gastrulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative autoregulation of Oct3/4 through Cdx1 promotes the onset of gastrulation

et al. 2011

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“…In addition, in other groups of amphibians, such the urodeles discussed below, these axes are tilted to varying degrees. These double progressions are probably set up by some intersection of signalling pathways (see Kumano & Smith 2002;Heasman 2006), which is not yet understood.…”

Section: The Significance Of Vegetal-to-animal Progression Of Cell Bementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell fate along this axis is regulated by 'ventralizing' signals from the ventral sector, countered by dorsal antagonists (De Robertis & Kuroda 2004;Lane et al 2004;Marom et al 2005;Heasman 2006). The progress of MIB, given its association with dorsal notochordal and somitic tissue, is a read-out of this process.…”

Section: What Is the Molecular Mechanism Of Progressive Expression Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic determinations: patterning the cell behaviours that close the amphibian blastopore

Keller

Shook

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We review the dynamic patterns of cell behaviours in the marginal zone of amphibians with a focus on how the progressive nature and the geometry of these behaviours drive blastopore closure. Mediolateral cell intercalation behaviour and epithelial-mesenchymal transition are used in different combinations in several species of amphibian to generate a conserved pattern of circumblastoporal hoop stresses. Although these cell behaviours are quite different and involve different germ layers and tissue organization, they are expressed in similar patterns. They are expressed progressively along presumptive lateral-medial and anterior-posterior axes of the body plan in highly ordered geometries of functional significance in the context of the biomechanics of blastopore closure, thereby accounting for the production of similar patterns of circumblastoporal forces. It is not the nature of the cell behaviour alone, but the context, the biomechanical connectivity and spatial and temporal pattern of its expression that determine specificity of morphogenic output during gastrulation and blastopore closure. Understanding the patterning of these dynamic features of cell behaviour is important and will require analysis of signalling at much greater spatial and temporal resolution than that has been typical in the analysis of patterning tissue differentiation.

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“…Xenopus laevis early development is controlled initially by localized signaling pathways activated by maternal transcription factors and signaling molecules (reviewed in Heasman, 2006). One major determinant of mesoderm and endodermal fate is the maternal, vegetally located T-box transcription factor VegT (Zhang et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of FoxC1 in early Xenopus development

Birsoy

Kofron

et al. 2007

Developmental Dynamics

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FoxC1 is an important transcription factor in vertebrate development since its mutation in humans results in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome. In the mouse, disturbance of its function causes congenital hydrocephalus and abnormalities in the development of various mesodermal derivatives. In this report, we provide one mechanistic basis for the requirement for FoxC1 in vertebrate development. We find that, in Xenopus laevis embryos, FoxC1 expression is regulated by the maternal T-box transcription factor VegT, via the nodal sub-family of TGF␤ signaling transducers. We show that at the late neurula to early tailbud stage, FoxC1 depletion causes the down-regulation of adhesion molecules, EP and E cadherin, as well as members of the Ephrin/EphR signaling families in the mesoderm germ layer resulting in the loss of adhesion and apoptosis of mesodermal cells. Developmental Dynamics 236:2731-2741, 2007.

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Patterning the earlyXenopusembryo

Cited by 242 publications

References 125 publications

Negative autoregulation of Oct3/4 through Cdx1 promotes the onset of gastrulation

Negative autoregulation of Oct3/4 through Cdx1 promotes the onset of gastrulation

Dynamic determinations: patterning the cell behaviours that close the amphibian blastopore

The role of FoxC1 in early Xenopus development

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