Patterned cell arrays and patterned co-cultures on polydopamine-modified poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels

Abstract

Abstract. Live cell arrays are an emerging tool that expand traditional 2D in vitro cell culture, increasing experimental precision and throughput. A patterned cell system was developed by combining the cell repellent properties of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels with the cell adhesive properties of self-assembled films of dopamine (polydopamine). It was shown that polydopamine could be patterned onto polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels by microcontact printing, which in turn effectively patterned the growth of several cell types (HeLa, HEK293, HUVEC and PC3). The cells could be patterned at levels down to single-cell confinement, and it was demonstrated that cell patterns could be maintained for at least 3 weeks. Further, polydopamine could be used to modify poly(vinyl alcohol) in situ using a cell compatible deposition buffer (1 mg mL −1 dopamine in 25 mm tris with a physiological salt balance). The treatment switched the PVA hydrogel from cell repellent to cell adhesive. By pre-patterning one cell population and depositing polydopamine in situ, a second cell population could be seeded, and adhered to the newly switched surface. Patterned co-cultures of HeLa/HeLa and HeLa/HUVEC were thus realized through simple chemistry and could be studied over time. The combination of polyvinyl alcohol and polydopamine was shown to be an attractive route to versatile live cell arrays with minimal infrastructure requirements and low experimental complexity.PACS numbers: 87.17. Rt, 87.18.Gh, 87.80.Fe Keywords: Cell micropatterning, cell arrays, polydopamine, poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels, micropatterned co-cultures Patterned cell arrays on polydopamine-modified poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels.

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