PATTERN VARIABILITY IN MICROTUBULAR ARRAYS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TENTACLES OF <i>ACTINOBOLINA</i> (CILIATEA: GYMNOSTOMATIDA)

Holt, Portia A.; Corliss, John O.

doi:10.1083/jcb.58.1.213

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to Lynn (), there are four types of the tentacles in ciliates. Among these tentacle types, the non‐suctorial but highly extensible and retractable prey‐capturing tentacle as found in Actinobolina smalli (Holt and Corliss ; Holt et al. ) is most similar to the tentacles of our Korean M. rubrum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Ultrastructure of the Oral Apparatus of Mesodinium rubrum from Korea

Nam

Shin

Coats

et al. 2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Mesodinium rubrum Lohmann is a photosynthetic marine ciliate that has functional chloroplasts of cryptophyte origin. Little is known about the oral ultrastructure of M. rubrum compared with several reports on the sequestration of nuclei and plastids from prey organisms, such as Geminigera cryophila and Teleaulax species. Here, we describe the fine structure of the oral apparatus of a M. rubrum strain from Gomso Bay, Korea. The cytopharynx was cone-shaped and supported by 20-22 ribbons of triplet microtubules. At the anterior end of the cytopharynx, an annulus anchored small cylinders composed of 11 microtubules. The small cylinders were spaced at regular intervals, each reinforced by one set of the triplet microtubules. At the opening of the cytostome, larger 14-membered microtubular cylinders were set adjacent to the small, 11-membered microtubular cylinders, each pair surrounded by separate membranes, however, only the large cylinders extended into the oral tentacles. There were 20-22 oral tentacles each having one to five extrusomes at its tip. At the anterior end of the oral apparatus, microtubular bands supporting the cytostome curved posteriad, extending beneath the cell cortex to the kinetosomes of the somatic cirri. The microtubular bands were connected by striated fibers and originated from kinetosomes anchored by fibers. Each cirrus consisted of eight cilia associated with 16 kinetosomes. The ultrastructure of M. rubrum from Korea provides information useful for taxonomic characterization of the genus Mesodinium and relevant to developing a better understanding of the acquisition of foreign organelles through phagocytosis by M. rubrum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Ultrastructure of the Oral Apparatus of Mesodinium rubrum from Korea

Nam

Shin

Coats

et al. 2012

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…1A; Supplementary Material). Although we haven't seen a proof of it, we presume the extended tentacles is how L. loyezae captures its food -the ciliate waits for an appropriate prey to come in contact with the tentacles, similar to the ciliate Actinobolina's behaviour, i.e., once the prey is captured by the discharged extrusomes it is moved by the joint action of cilia and tentacles to the cytostome, where it is ingested (personal observations of Actinobolina; Calkins 1901;Holt and Corliss 1978). We tried to get the ciliate moving by slightly tapping on the slide, or in the case of many other ciliates that like to live in light-free environments, by exposing it to strong light.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2D). As we could not carry out any electron microscopy examinations the nature of the extrusomes remains unknown; they may be toxicysts, as described in Actinobolina (Holt and Corliss 1978), which is also a ciliate with retractable tentacles. In L. loyezae contracted tentacles appear to have an internal single vacuole from which the long extrusomes protrude toward the tip of the tentacles (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Extraordinarily Rare Ciliate Legendrea Loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908 (Haptoria, Ciliophora)

Esteban¹,

Weiss²,

Andreou

2022

SSRN Journal

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“…Thus, the diversity of tentacle-or papillae-bearing spathidiids could be even higher than currently indicated. The genus Belonophrya is highly similar to Actinobolina, but molecular data and ultrastructural details of its tentacles are still unavailable [51]. Another tentacle-bearing ciliate, Holophrya ornata is now synonymized with Legendrea bellerophon based on its morphological characteristics (Figure 12) [40].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysis and The Relationship Of Tentaculiferou...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rediscovery of Remarkably Rare Anaerobic Tentaculiferous Ciliate Genera Legendrea and Dactylochlamys (Ciliophora: Litostomatea)

Pomahač,

Méndez-Sánchez,

Poláková

et al. 2023

Biology

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Free-living anaerobic ciliates are of considerable interest from an ecological and an evolutionary standpoint. Extraordinary tentacle-bearing predatory lineages have evolved independently several times within the phylum Ciliophora, including two rarely encountered anaerobic litostomatean genera, Legendrea and Dactylochlamys. In this study, we significantly extend the morphological and phylogenetic characterization of these two poorly known groups of predatory ciliates. We provide the first phylogenetic analysis of the monotypic genus Dactylochlamys and the three valid species of Legendrea based on the 18S rRNA gene and ITS-28S rRNA gene sequences. Prior to this study, neither group had been studied using silver impregnation methods. We provide the first protargol-stained material and also a unique video material including documentation, for the first time, of the hunting and feeding behavior of a Legendrea species. We briefly discuss the identity of methanogenic archaeal and bacterial endosymbionts of both genera based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and the importance of citizen science for ciliatology from a historical and contemporary perspective.

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PATTERN VARIABILITY IN MICROTUBULAR ARRAYS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TENTACLES OF ACTINOBOLINA (CILIATEA: GYMNOSTOMATIDA)

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Ultrastructure of the Oral Apparatus of Mesodinium rubrum from Korea

Ultrastructure of the Oral Apparatus of Mesodinium rubrum from Korea

The Extraordinarily Rare Ciliate Legendrea Loyezae Fauré-Fremiet, 1908 (Haptoria, Ciliophora)

Rediscovery of Remarkably Rare Anaerobic Tentaculiferous Ciliate Genera Legendrea and Dactylochlamys (Ciliophora: Litostomatea)

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