Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in &lt;em&gt;Arabidopsis thaliana&lt;/em&gt;

Bredow, Melissa; Sementchoukova, Irina; Siegel, Kristen; Monaghan, Jacqueline

doi:10.3791/59437-v

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Considering plant immune-priming such as SAR and ISR, we focused on plant hormones required for systemic immunity (Pieterse et al, 2009). First, seedling growth inhibition assay of Col-0 and plant hormone mutant plants ( eds1-12, pad4, coi1-21, myc2,3,4, ctr1 , and ein2-1 ) was performed (Bredow et al, 2019). Overall, valinomycin reduced fresh weight of plants in all genotypes, suggesting that no dominant hormonal pathway be involved in the activity of valinomycin (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

Yoo,

Kang,

Kim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Various natural compounds as alternative agents for the chemical management of plant diseases have long been proposed. Valinomycin, a Streptomyces-derived cyclic peptide, acts as an antifungal agent against several plant pathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea. Here, we report the novel function of valinomycin, plant immune-boosting. Valinomycin potentiates pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in Arabidopsis, leading to enhanced resistance against bacterial speck disease locally and systemically. Moreover, this plant immune-boosting activity of valinomycin is associated with plant hormonal signaling. Thus, we propose that valinomycin harbors potential as a biocontrol agent suppressing complex pathogen infections, such as bacteria and fungi.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

Yoo,

Kang,

Kim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Oxidative species production was monitored in two-week-old soybean plants, as described previously (Bredow et al ., 2019) using leaf discs collected from 16 plants per CO 2 treatment. The elicitor solution contained 100 µM luminol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 10 µg/mL horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), with or without 100 nM flg22 (VWR International, Radnor, PA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO₂alters soybean physiology and defense responses, and has disparate effects on susceptibility to diverse microbial pathogens

Bredow,

Khwanbua,

Chicowski

et al. 2024

Preprint

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SummaryIncreasing atmospheric CO2levels have a variety of effects that can influence plant responses to microbial pathogens. However, these responses are varied, and it is challenging to predict how elevated CO2(eCO2) will affect a particular plant-pathogen interaction. We investigated howeCO2may influence disease development and responses to diverse pathogens in the major oilseed crop, soybean (Glycine max[L.] Merr.).Soybeans grown in ambient CO2(aCO2, 419 parts per million (ppm)) or ineCO2(550 ppm) were challenged with bacterial, viral, fungal, and oomycete pathogens, and disease, pathogen growth, gene expression and molecular plant defense responses were quantified.IneCO2, plants were less susceptible toPseudomonas syringaepv.glycinea(Psg) but more susceptible to bean pod mottle virus, soybean mosaic virus, andFusarium virguliforme. Susceptibility toPythium sylvaticumwas unchanged, although a greater loss in biomass occurred ineCO2. Reduced susceptibility toPsgwas associated with enhanced defense responses. Increased susceptibility to the viruses was associated with reduced expression of antiviral defenses.This work provides a foundation for understanding of how futureeCO2levels may impact molecular responses to pathogen challenge in soybean and demonstrates that agents infecting both shoots and roots are of potential concern in future climatic conditions.

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“…Immunogenic flg22, elf18, and AtPep1 peptides were synthesized by EZ Biotech (Indiana USA). Immune-induced ROS production was performed on 4-to 5-week-old soil-grown plants as previously described (Bredow et al, 2019). Immune-induced activation of MAPKs was performed on 2-week-old sterile seedlings as previously described (Monaghan et al, 2014).…”

Section: Immune Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subfamily C7 Raf-like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 regulate immune homeostasis and stomatal opening inArabidopsis thaliana

Dias,

Doss,

Rawat

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SummaryThe calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28 is a regulator of immune homeostasis in multiple plant species. Here, we used a proteomics approach to uncover CPK28-associated proteins. We found that CPK28 associates with subfamily C7 Raf-like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39, and trans-phosphorylates RAF26 and RAF39. Metazoan Raf kinases function in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades as MAPK kinase kinases (MKKKs). Although Raf-like kinases share some features with MKKKs, we found that MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 are unable to trans-phosphorylate any of the 10 Arabidopsis MKKs. We show that MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 localize to the cytosol and endomembranes, and we define redundant roles for these kinases in stomatal opening, immune-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and resistance to a bacterial pathogen. Overall, our study suggests that C7 Raf-like kinases associate with and are phosphorylated by CPK28, function redundantly in stomatal immunity, and possess substrate specificities distinct from canonical MKKKs.

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Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

Elevated CO₂alters soybean physiology and defense responses, and has disparate effects on susceptibility to diverse microbial pathogens

Subfamily C7 Raf-like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 regulate immune homeostasis and stomatal opening inArabidopsis thaliana

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Pattern-Triggered Oxidative Burst and Seedling Growth Inhibition Assays in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

A natural cyclic peptide valinomycin enhances plant innate immunity

Elevated CO2alters soybean physiology and defense responses, and has disparate effects on susceptibility to diverse microbial pathogens

Subfamily C7 Raf-like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 regulate immune homeostasis and stomatal opening inArabidopsis thaliana

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Elevated CO₂alters soybean physiology and defense responses, and has disparate effects on susceptibility to diverse microbial pathogens