Pattern transformation induced waisted post-buckling of perforated cylindrical shells

Pattern Transformation Inspired Multifunctional Cylindrical Vessels with Programmable Stoma‐Shaped Biomimetic Openings

“…[ 23,24 ] In a similar manner, a porous cylindrical shell could buckle into a waisted deformation mode as mentioned in Ref. [37]. Unlike the large deformations of cylindrical shells without any holes (always jump into some unpredictable and uncontrollable modes in the loading process [ 37,38 ] ), a porous cylindrical shell can exhibit a stable waisted deformation mode (in a broad range of loading speed as shown in Movie S1, Supporting Information), which is almost undisturbed by external disturbance.…”

“…[37]. Unlike the large deformations of cylindrical shells without any holes (always jump into some unpredictable and uncontrollable modes in the loading process [37,38] ), a porous cylindrical shell can exhibit a stable waisted deformation mode (in a broad range of loading speed as shown in Movie S1, Supporting Information), which is almost undisturbed by external disturbance. To further illustrate this, we selected three typical cases with external disturbance: i) stab on a point, ii) pull locally, and iii) squeeze on the whole body, as shown in Figure 2c and Movie S2, Supporting Information.…”

“…In our previous study, [ 37 ] a porous cylindrical shell has been constructed based on pattern transformation and a waisted deformation was identified. Remarkably, the abundant local and global geometrical parameters of a porous cylindrical shell enable the waisted deformation to be handily manipulated for fulfilling multifarious programmable requirements.…”

Modular reprogrammable 3D mechanical metamaterials with unusual hygroscopic deformation modes

“…, tensile stress in one direction leads to an increased dimension in the orthogonal direction, which find application in the fields of biomedicine, 14,15 smart sensors, 16–18 and protective equipment. 19 Besides, the negative stiffness effect of metamaterials is realized by the periodic arrangement of the confined buckling beam, which has great application potential in the fields of impact energy absorption, vibration reduction, and noise reduction. 20,21 Based on 3D chiral microstructures breaking the symmetry of the unit cell, compression–torsion metamaterials exhibit twist deformation when subjected to uniaxial stress, and their degrees of freedom exceed Cauchy elasticity.…”

“…6 Based on re-entrant structures, 7,8 chiral/anti-chiral structures, 9,10 rotating square structures 11,12 or slit perforation structures, 13 negative Poisson's ratio metamaterials behave counterintuitively compared to natural materials upon stretching, i.e., tensile stress in one direction leads to an increased dimension in the orthogonal direction, which find application in the fields of biomedicine, 14,15 smart sensors, [16][17][18] and protective equipment. 19 Besides, the negative stiffness effect of metamaterials is realized by the periodic arrangement of the confined buckling beam, which has great application potential in the fields of impact energy absorption, vibration reduction, and In previous works, mechanical metamaterials always responded to various physical fields by unusual deformation, including loading or thermal fields. However, few researchers have explored moisture-sensitive mechanical metamaterials especially when it comes to 3D version and the existing works are always only based on theoretical calculation.…”