Pattern Regulation in the Regenerating Limbs of Urodele Amphibians

The distribution of marked dermal cells from small localized implants in limb regenerates

“…While these results appear to be inconsistent with those reported here, it is possible that the failure of marked cells to cross from anterior to posterior during regeneration from the forearm is related to the mode of wound healing. Results from a variety of experiments (see Tank and Holder, 1981, for a review) have led to the conclusion (Bryant et aZ., 1981;Holder, 1981;Reynolds, 1983, 1984;Holder et ah, 1980;Krasner and Bryant, 1980) , 1981) that distal outgrowth of the limb is a product of intercalation between cells from different parts of the limb circumference. The available evidence is consistent with the idea that the extent to which marked cells from one part of the circumference provide progeny which are distributed to different parts of the circumference of the regenerate, is dependent upon the extent of initial cell migration and mixing during wound healing and blastema formation.…”

Looking proximally and distally: 100 years of limb regeneration and beyond

“…The 1970s and 80s saw the development of several models to explain the mechanisms of pattern formation in urodele limbs (for review, see Tank and Holder, 1982). The most prominent were the polar coordinate model (French et al, 1976;Bryant et al, 1981) and the boundary model (Meinhardt and Gierer, 1980;Meinhardt, 1982Meinhardt, , 1983a.…”

Cellular contribution from dermis and cartilage to the regenerating limb blastema in axolotls

“…A variety of different grafting experiments have led to the conclusion that some limb tissues play a larger role than others in the patterning processes occurring during regeneration (see Tank and Holder, 1981). The two tissues we have analyzed in this study are two which have quite divergent effects on patterning.…”