Pattern of xylem phenology in conifers of cold ecosystems at the Northern Hemisphere

Rossi, Sergio; Anfodillo, Tommaso; Čufar, Katarina; Cuny, Henri E.; Deslauriers, Annie; Fonti, Patrick; Frank, David; Gričar, Jožica; Gruber, Andreas; Huang, Jian‐Guo; Jyske, Tuula; Kašpar, Jakub; King, Gregory; Krause, Cornélia; Liang, Eryuan; Mäkinen, Harri; Morin, Hubert; Nöjd, Pekka; Oberhuber, Walter; Prislan, Peter; Rathgeber, Cyrille; Saracino, Antonio; Swidrak, Irene; Treml, Václav

doi:10.1111/gcb.13317

Cited by 187 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…to 3,850 m a.s.l.) also revealed that the length of the wood formation period increased linearly at a rate of 6.5 d per 1°C (24), which is consistent with our results. During winter, the cambium is dormant (35), and growth inactivity of the meristem is maintained even if the environmental requirements (i.e., temperature, water, or day length) are met.…”

Section: Sos Of Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The April through June minimum temperature appears to have had the highest influence on SOS on the TP during the period 1960-2014, as also demonstrated for other temperate, boreal, and timberline ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere (24). Because our study region is characterized by high altitudes, it is reasonable that temperature has a significant effect on the starting date of the growing season.…”

Section: Sos Of Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Conifers are evergreen, and their stem cambium activity may start at any time, as soon as a certain thermal threshold (24) or heat sum (25) is reached. The sensitivity of cambium activity to temperature gradually increases from winter to spring (26), suggesting that either an accumulation of chilling or an increase in day length interact with temperature to initiate the process of cell division in the cambium.…”

Section: Sos Of Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New perspective on spring vegetation phenology and global climate change based on Tibetan Plateau tree-ring data

Yang

Shishov

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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200

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Phenological responses of vegetation to climate, in particular to the ongoing warming trend, have received much attention. However, divergent results from the analyses of remote sensing data have been obtained for the Tibetan Plateau (TP), the world's largest highelevation region. This study provides a perspective on vegetation phenology shifts during 1960-2014, gained using an innovative approach based on a well-validated, process-based, tree-ring growth model that is independent of temporal changes in technical properties and image quality of remote sensing products. Twenty composite site chronologies were analyzed, comprising about 3,000 trees from forested areas across the TP. We found that the start of the growing season (SOS) has advanced, on average, by 0. April-June and August-September minimum temperatures are the main climatic drivers for SOS and EOS, respectively. An increase of 1°C in April-June minimum temperature shifted the dates of xylem phenology by 6 to 7 d, lengthening the period of tree-ring formation. This study extends the chronology of TP phenology farther back in time and reconciles the disparate views on SOS derived from remote sensing data. Scaling up this analysis may improve understanding of climate change effects and related phenological and plant productivity on a global scale.tree rings | cambial activity | plant phenology | climate change | Tibetan Plateau P henology has a profound impact on vegetation growth (1), carbon balances of terrestrial ecosystems (2), and climate change feedback mechanisms (3). The importance of phenology has prompted many studies, mainly using ground-based observations (4-7), which provide useful phenological information at the species level. However, such studies are also quite time-intensive and typically focus on a few individuals in restricted geographic areas, which often limits their applicability to larger spatiotemporal scales. Changes in plant phenology can be detected on larger spatial scales through near-surface remote sensing, using digital repeat photography (8), but this approach remains limited to the stand level. Another commonly used approach is satellite remote sensing, which can cover large areas (9-11); however, this method has yielded inconsistent results on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) (9, 12, 13).The TP, with an average altitude of over 4,000 m above sea level (a.s.l.), covers more than 2 million square kilometers and is strongly affected by ongoing climate change. Due to its vast area, and its position in subtropical latitudes with high incoming solar radiation, changes in vegetation period duration may have major consequences for regional climate and for carbon sequestration in SignificanceInconsistent results regarding the rate of change in spring phenology and its relation to climatic drivers on the Tibetan Plateau have been obtained in the past. We introduce and describe here an innovative approach based on tree-ring data, which converts daily weather data into indices of the start (and end) of the growing season. This method pro...

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Section: Sos Of Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Sos Of Vegetationsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Sos Of Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New perspective on spring vegetation phenology and global climate change based on Tibetan Plateau tree-ring data

Yang

Shishov

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

200

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“…Ecological wood anatomy can be used to describe the impact of current biotic and abiotic agents on the ecology of woody plants and how they shape xylem and wood development. The literature is rich in reports of relationships between ecology and wood anatomy ranging from species-specific [145][146][147] and genera-and clade-specific [56,148] to more general descriptions [27,28,[149][150][151][152][153]. A clear separation between ecological, functional, and paleontological wood anatomy may not always be possible as demonstrated in the latest book on the topic [154].…”

Section: The Ecology Of Wood Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Pfautsch

2016

Curr Forestry Rep

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The study of hydraulic anatomy and function of trees has a long tradition. Motivated by current and projected changes in water availability, the field of tree hydraulics is experiencing a bout of activity. Significant progress has been made in understanding how water transport in trees is organized, how it integrates with other physiological processes, and what it takes for it to malfunction. Many of these advances have been possible, as fields of research that have traditionally been separate are merging, for example, wood anatomy and plant ecophysiology. These developments have led to the creation of powerful and novel approaches that help to answer longstanding questions relating to fundamental aspects of fluid transport in plants and how plants survive in the face of environmental stresses such as drought and freezing. The increased capacities to visualize the ultrastructures of wood in ever-greater detail and the ability for in-situ visualization of long-distance fluid transport have contributed to this progress. This review provides an entry point to the vast and continuously increasing knowledge of how water transport in trees is organized. It scales from cells to tissue anatomy to whole-tree physiology and landscape ecology. Known mechanisms and novel conceptual theories around how trees die as well as ways to prevent this fate are summarized. High-priority research questions for the coming years are formulated.

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“…However, empirical studies have shown that the correlation between photosynthetic production and the diameter growth of trees is far from perfect Rocha et al, 2006;Berninger et al, 2004). This imperfect correlation is due to the fact that plant hydraulics (e.g., turgor pressure) and thermal limitations during very short periods of time can be more important than carbon (C) availability for secondary tree growth (Kirdyanov et al, 2003;Rossi et al, 2016;Zweifel et al, 2016;Fatichi et al, 2014; secondary growth is the increase in the girth of the plant roots and stems). These factors influence the proportion of net primary productivity allocated to stem growth each year, dampening the correlation between gross primary production (GPP) and growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological modeling of photosynthesis and carbon allocation to the tree stem in the boreal forest

Gennaretti

Gea‐Izquierdo²,

Boucher³

et al. 2017

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. A better understanding of the coupling between photosynthesis and carbon allocation in the boreal forest, together with its associated environmental factors and mechanistic rules, is crucial to accurately predict boreal forest carbon stocks and fluxes, which are significant components of the global carbon budget. Here, we adapted the MAIDEN ecophysiological forest model to consider important processes for boreal tree species, such as nonlinear acclimation of photosynthesis to temperature changes, canopy development as a function of previous-year climate variables influencing bud formation and the temperature dependence of carbon partition in summer. We tested these modifications in the eastern Canadian taiga using black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) gross primary production and ring width data. MAIDEN explains 90 % of the observed daily gross primary production variability, 73 % of the annual ring width variability and 20-30 % of its high-frequency component (i.e., when decadal trends are removed). The positive effect on stem growth due to climate warming over the last several decades is well captured by the model. In addition, we illustrate how we improve the model with each introduced model adaptation and compare the model results with those of linear response functions. Our results demonstrate that MAIDEN simulates robust relationships with the most important climate variables (those detected by classical response-function analysis) and is a powerful tool for understanding how environmental factors interact with black spruce ecophysiology to influence present-day and future boreal forest carbon fluxes.

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Pattern of xylem phenology in conifers of cold ecosystems at the Northern Hemisphere

Cited by 187 publications

References 38 publications

New perspective on spring vegetation phenology and global climate change based on Tibetan Plateau tree-ring data

New perspective on spring vegetation phenology and global climate change based on Tibetan Plateau tree-ring data

Hydraulic Anatomy and Function of Trees—Basics and Critical Developments

Ecophysiological modeling of photosynthesis and carbon allocation to the tree stem in the boreal forest

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