Pattern of Skull Fractures and Its Outcome in Pediatric Head Injury Patients

Muhammad, Ghulam; Javeed, Farrukh; Rehman, Lal; Abbas, Asad; Afzal, Ali R.

doi:10.36552/pjns.v24i4.485

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…An Egyptian study found that two to sixyear-olds made up 49% of the pediatric head injury population, indicating that the years after infancy are the most vulnerable for this injury type. However, Asif M et al found that 57% of children with head injuries were between the ages of 06 and 14 years old 14 . Specifically, we observed that 85% of children live in metropolitan regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All children with only head injuries were referred from general emergency room to neurosurgery emergency room, where they were examined in detail and classified on basis of GCS into mild moderate and severe. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), a score of [14][15] indicates a mild head injury, [09-12] a moderate one, and [03-08] a severe one. Ct brain was done for all children who met the required criteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury; Experience in Tertiary Care Hospitals of KPK, A Multi- Center Study

Khan¹,

Ullah²,

Haq³

et al. 2022

PJMHS

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Objective: The present study examined the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcome of pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in tertiary care hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) . Duration and Place of the Study: Duration of study was From February 2020 to February 2022.It was conducted in Neurosurgery Department, Khyber teaching hospital MTI, and Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar. Material and Methods: A total of Six hundred and forty-three pediatric patients, ages 01 to 11years, who had suffered traumatic brain injury were included in the study. All children were first seen at an emergency room, where they had a series of diagnostic tests and a physical examination. All necessary radiological studies were carried out under the watchful eye of the senior consultant neurosurgeon. In addition to demographic information, the pattern, treatment, and outcome of children with head injury were also recorded. Results: Among the 643 kids examined, 411 (or 65%) were boys, and 232 (or 35%) were girls. At presentation, the average age was 4.062 years. Among the children surveyed, 525 (82%) lived in an urban setting, while the remaining 117 (18%) lived in a rural region. Three hundred and seventy-eight (60%) of the children suffered a head injury secondary to fall, whereas just 207 (33%) had been involved in automobile accidents. 58% (374) had mild head injury and 185 29% had moderate head injuries, 84 (13%) had severe head injury. 12% (74) of patients underwent craniotomy for extra-dural hematoma. 46 (7.1%) of the children had depressed skull fracture which was surgically treated. 23 (3.5%) patient had acute sub-dural hematoma for which craniotomy was done. Rest of the 27(4.1%) children had traumatic sub-arachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral bleed which were treated. Out of the total 76(11.6%) children did not recover and died, most of them presented with severe head injuries Conclusion: Most common cause for head injury in our setup was fall from height which was followed by motor vehicle accidents. Over half of the children presented mild to moderate head injuries. Over half were treated conservatively with good outcome. We had mortality of 11.6% with most having severe head injuries. Keywords: Mortality, Brain Injury, fall, Car Accidents, depressed skull fracture, extra-dural hematoma, acute sub-dural hematoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury; Experience in Tertiary Care Hospitals of KPK, A Multi- Center Study

Khan¹,

Ullah²,

Haq³

et al. 2022

PJMHS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many of previous studies reported male patients were predominant and road traffic accidents were the major cause of depressed skull fractures followed by fall from height. 13,14 Two factors typically influence the pattern of skull fracture. The first element is the impact force.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Depressed Skull Fractures: Selective Conservative Management of Non Missile Injuries

Arain¹,

Shaikh²,

Narejo³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Objective: To determine the outcomes of management of depressed skull fractures. Study Design: Descriptive Study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Neurosurgeries, Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jeelani Institute of Medical Sciences Gambat and Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st March 2020 to 28th February 2021. Methodology: Eighty patients of both sexes were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 12-70 years of age. Patient’s detailed demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded. Diagnosis of skull fractures from closed head injury patients were undergone for CT scan Depressed fracture of more than 5 mm, cosmetically disfiguring fractures and fracture over the sinuses were operated. All the patients were given prophylactic antibiotics and anticonvulsants. Patients were followed for 4-months. Outcomes were assessed by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Results: Fifty five (68.8%) patients were males and thirty five (31.2%) were females with mean age was 18.21±7.32 years and mean body mass index was 20.04±3.14 kg/m2. Road traffic accident (56.25%) was the most common cause of the injury followed by fall from the height 25 (31.25%). The compound fractures have 48 (60%) and simple fractures were 32 (40%). Surgery was done among 70 (87.5%) cases and 10 (12.5%) patients were conservatively treated. Among these 50 (62.5%) patients were completely recovered. Cerebrospinal fluid leak was the most common complication and was found in 13 (16.25%) cases. Conclusion: The use of antibiotics and anticonvulsants had effective results during peri-operative periods to avoid infection and epilepsy. The initial stage of operation is particularly necessary when the fracture is larger than 5mm. Cerebrospinal fluid leaks occur after surgery as the most common complication. Keywords: Depressed skull fracture, Non-missile injuries, Cerebrospinal fluid

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Pattern of Skull Fractures and Its Outcome in Pediatric Head Injury Patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury; Experience in Tertiary Care Hospitals of KPK, A Multi- Center Study

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury; Experience in Tertiary Care Hospitals of KPK, A Multi- Center Study

Management of Depressed Skull Fractures: Selective Conservative Management of Non Missile Injuries

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