Pattern of pediatric renal diseases in a rural tertiary care hospital

Thakkar, Khushboo A.; Poyekar, Subhash Shankar

doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20204542

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We documented an incidence of 2.2% (22 renal cases per 1000 children seen) for kidney disease among paediatric hospital admissions over a period of 8 months. It was comparable with studies in India, 9 however lower incidence rate of 1.1% have been reported in South Nigeria 21 and high rate of 6.3% was documented in Nepal. 22 Burden of kidney disease differs among different countries due to differences in genetic predisposition, environmental factors, clinical and laboratory capacities to diagnose kidney diseases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Mean(SD) age of presentation in our study was 5.5 ± 3.5 years with a M:F ratio of 1.5:1 and most children were aged between 0 and 5 years as seen in other studies. 9,23 As shown in other studies in Africa 6 and Bangladesh 23 the most common kidney diseases requiring admission in the unit were AKI, ESKD and nephrotic syndrome. Unlike in India, 24 another developing economy, where post infectious glomerulonephritis is still constituting a majority of admissions, our unit only encountered 5 children (10%) with this condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“… 7 The most commonly documented kidney diseases are nephrotic syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis (AGN), AKI, urinary tract infection and congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT) with varying incidences. 2 , 7 - 9 Reported risk factors for CKD among children in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) include intrauterine injury to the developing kidney, malnutrition in childhood, parasitic infections, post infectious glomerulonephritis, HIV related nephropathy, sickle cell disease and AKI especially due to diarrhoeal diseases. 10 - 14 Community-based studies have reported average proteinuria prevalence of 32.5% (2.2%-56.0%), average haematuria prevalence of 31.1% (0.6%-67%), and imaging abnormalities found in 14.8% (0.5%-38.0%) among children in SSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burden of Paediatric Kidney Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe

Makanda-Charambira

Mujuru

Ticklay

et al. 2023

Clin Med Insights Pediatr

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Background: The pattern of paediatric kidney diseases across different regions is influenced by genetic, racial, and environmental differences. Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the current spectrum and outcome of childhood kidney diseases at Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals and highlight the challenges of care. Design: Retrospective observational study. Methods: Data on all children below 16 years of age hospitalised for any kidney disease over an 8-month period (1 January-31 August 2022) were retrieved and retrospectively analysed. Kidney diseases were categorised as per standard definitions. Results: Kidney disease accounted for 2.2% (n = 50) of all 2264 admissions in the paediatric unit, with males constituting 60% (n = 30). Age ranged from 2 weeks to 13 years (mean 5.5 ± 3.5 years) with 58.0% being under 5 years. The commonest diagnoses in the unit were acute kidney injury (AKI) (n = 16, 32%) nephrotic syndrome (n = 16, 32%), hypertension (n = 12, 24%) and end stage kidney disease (ESKD) (n = 11, 22%) with some children presenting with more than 1 diagnosis. Only 3 out of 11 children with ESKD and 3 out of 8 children with AKI who required dialysis could be offered dialysis due to limited resources. Overall mortality rate was 32% (16/50): 5 children with AKI, 2 with nephrotic syndrome and normal kidney function, 8 with ESKD and 1 with Fanconi syndrome. Conclusion: Childhood kidney disease contributes significantly to hospitalisations at our institution with highest mortality among children with ESKD. The study highlighted the need for provision of essential drugs and kidney replacement therapy for children with kidney disease at our institution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burden of Paediatric Kidney Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe

Makanda-Charambira

Mujuru

Ticklay

et al. 2023

Clin Med Insights Pediatr

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“…Nine (24.3%) children who were diagnosed with UTI were associated with other renal diseases like AGN, CAKUT, AKI and CKD. Similarly, other studies have also reported occurrences of UTI in association with the above mentioned renal disorders 4,21,23 . E. coli (61.4%) was the commonest cause of culture-positive UTI, which was similar to many reviews of renal diseases in children from other parts of the world like Nepal, Iraq and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1,3,9 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Pattern and short-term outcome of pediatric kidney disease at national referral hospital in Bhutan: an observational study

Sonam¹,

Lhadon²,

Choden³

et al. 2022

Bhutan Health Journal

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Introduction: The epidemiology of kidney diseases in children can vary widely across geographic regions. The main purpose of this study was to determine the pattern and short-term outcome of kidney disease among children hospitalized at the national referral hospital in Bhutan. Methods: All admitted children aged one month to 12 years with kidney disease, from January to December 2018, were included in the study. Diagnostic criteria were applied to all the patients on admission to determine study eligibility and subsequent demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured interviewer administered pro forma. Results: A total of 128 (7.8%) children met diagnostic criteria for kidney disease among 1648 hospitalized children during the study period. The median age at presentation was 2.5 years (interquartile range 0 to 8). The commonest disease was acute kidney injury (48, 37.5%) followed by acute glomerulonephritis (37, 28.9%), urinary tract infection (37, 28.9%), congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (11, 8.6%) and nephrotic syndrome (11, 8.6%). Median duration of hospital stay was 8 days (IQR 4 to 14.8). Four (3.1%) patients were referred to India for specialist care, 5 (3.9%) underwent dialysis and 28 (21.9%) died. Of the 28 patients who died, 26 (92.9%) had acute kidney injury and 2 (7.1%) had chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: Pediatric kidney diseases comprise a significant proportion of disease burden at the national referral hospital. Education of primary healthcare providers about the epidemiologic burden of pediatric kidney diseases is needed to reduce kidney-related morbidity and mortality.

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“…There are primary and secondary disorders that can lead to glomerular diseases [1]. The variations regarding the pattern of renal diseases among the pediatrics are possibly related to differences in environmental risk factors for renal diseases, genetic predisposition, and the clinical and laboratory capacities in the diagnosis [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pattern of Glomerular Diseases in Egyptian Children: A Single-center Experience

Ibrahim

Amin

Zeid

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Findings indicative of the glomerular disease are proteinuria, hematuria, nephrotic syndrome (NS), hypertension, and renal insufficiency. These presentations can be used to define different clinical patterns that resemble different underlying etiologies. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study enrolled in Children Hospital Cairo University. The study participants were recruited on two stages, retrospective and prospective stages. In the retrospective stage, all eligible patients across 5 years (between 2011 and 2015) with any glomerular disease were included in the study. In addition, prospectively, the new cases a long 6 months (from February 2016 till July 2016) with glomerular diseases were included in the study. RESULTS: A total of 594 cases with different glomerular diseases were identified. Cases were two groups: The retrospective group that involved 543 cases and the prospective group that included 51 cases. In the retrospective part of the study, the most common presentations were NS (68%), nephritis (16.4%), gross hematuria (10.5%), and nephrotic/nephritic syndrome (3.5%). The most common biopsies in the retrospective study were NS: MCNS (27.3%), NS: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (23.4%), NS: Mesangioproliferative GN (9.4%), NS: Membranous GN (2.3%), Crescentric GN (3.9%), Membranous GN (0.8%), MPGN (0.8%), congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS):Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis (3.9%), CNS: Finnish type (2.3%), Alport (4.7%), IgA nephropathy (3.9%), IgM nephropathy (1.6%), lupus nephritis (LN) (3.1%), Thin basement membrane disease (3.1%), and others (9.4%) In the prospective study, the most common presentations were NS (76.5%), nephritis (11.8%), nephrotic/nephritic syndrome (7.8%), and gross hematuria (3.9%). The biopsies results were mainly NS: FSGS (33.3%) and NS: MCNS (33.3%). Other biopsies results in the prospective part were NS: Mesangioproliferative GN (16.7%), LN (8.3%), and IgA nephropathy (8.3%). CONCLUSION: The most common glomerular disease in childhood is NS. The most common pathology of glomerular diseases is minimal change NS.

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Pattern of pediatric renal diseases in a rural tertiary care hospital

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Burden of Paediatric Kidney Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe

Burden of Paediatric Kidney Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe

Pattern and short-term outcome of pediatric kidney disease at national referral hospital in Bhutan: an observational study

A Pattern of Glomerular Diseases in Egyptian Children: A Single-center Experience

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