Pattern of Non-Communicable Diseases among the Admitted Patients in a District Level Hospital of Bangladesh

Rahman, Mahfuzur; Kabir, Muhammad Anwarul; Mehjabin, Maria

doi:10.3329/bhj.v34i2.44442

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…10 Although communicable diseases were more prevalent in the last century but recently, noncommunicable diseases are the cause of six out of seven deaths in the developed world and half of all deaths in the developing world. 11,12 This trend had also been reported in previous studies and has been attributed to transition in epidemiology and lifestyles. 13,14 WHO predicts that non communicable deaths are expected to increase by 17% worldwide between 2010 and 2020.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This is the most preferred method for disease prevention in a pragmatic way. 4,16 Unfortunately, in Pakistan, data on the treatment outcomes of hospital admissions are either unavailable or incomplete. Therefore, it is essential to assess these patterns with this study to provide a tool for better planning and appropriate management of prevalent diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns and Outcomes of Illnesses in Medical Patients Admitted to Holy Family Hospital in a period of Three Months

Idrees¹,

Atique²,

Haider³

et al. 2021

JRMC

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Background: Health policy makers often use data describing prevalence, morbidity and mortality to assess the burden, requirements of resources and quality of the health service. The aim of this study is to recognize the patterns and treatment outcomes of diseases in a medicine unit of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi.Objective: To assess the pattern and treatment outcomes of illnesses presenting in a medicine department of Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi in period of three months.Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from 1st March to 31st May of 2019, when all the patients admitted in Medical Unit were approached for consent to participate in the study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire-based interview of respondents. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 23. Results: A total of 579 participants were enrolled into the study, out of which 374 (64.6%) were male and 205 (35.4%) were female with mean age 52.23. Majority of participants were admitted via emergency (92.23%). The most prevalent illnesses were chronic renal disease, asthma, decompensated chronic liver disease and stroke; with hypertension being the commonest co-morbid condition (6.2%). Of those admitted to the facility, 53.5% patients after treatment according to advice and 22.5% left the hospital against medical advice. Mortality rate was 23.8%.Conclusion: Patients with a wide variety of diseases were admitted to the medical unit mainly through emergency.1 in 5 patients admitted in acute medical unit suffered mortality.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Outcomes of Illnesses in Medical Patients Admitted to Holy Family Hospital in a period of Three Months

Idrees¹,

Atique²,

Haider³

et al. 2021

JRMC

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“…Notwithstanding, the burden of hospitalisation due to NCDs among the elderly are showing a rising trend globally as well as in India (Pandey et al , 2017a; Rahman et al , 2019). Our finding showed that young-old and elderly females were more hospitalised due to NCDs, so as in other studies (Kaur et al , 2019; Pandey et al , 2017a); conversely, earlier research has also found that elderly males have higher hospitalisations due to NCDs (Rahman et al , 2019). The elderly in the Northern region have the highest hospitalisations due to NCDs, which were also seen in past research (Kaur et al , 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentials and predictors of hospitalisation among the elderly people in India: evidence from 75th round of National Sample Survey (2017-2018)

Akhtar

Saikia

2022

WWOP

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Purpose There is limited evidence on the determinants of hospitalisation and its causes in India. This study aims to examine the differential in the hospitalisation rates and its socioeconomic determinants. This study also examines the causes of diseases in hospitalisation among the elderly (≥60 years) in India. Design/methodology/approach This study used data from the 75th round of the National Sample Survey Organizations, collected from July 2017 to June 2018. The elderly samples in this survey are 42,759, where 11,070 were hospitalised, and 31,689 were not hospitalised in the past year or 365 days. This study estimated hospitalisation rates and carried out binary logistic regression analysis to examine the associations of hospitalisation with the background variables. The cause of diseases in hospitalisations was also calculated. Findings The hospitalisation rate was lower among elderly female compared to elderly male. Elderly who belongs to middle-old aged groups, non-married, North-Eastern region, Southern region, general caste, health insurance, partially and fully economically dependent have a higher chance of being hospitalised. About 38% elderly were hospitalised due to communicable diseases (CDs), 52% due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and 10% due to injuries and others (IO). Nearly 40% elderly were hospitalised in public hospitals due to CDs, whereas 52% were hospitalised in private hospitals due to NCDs and 11% due to IO. Research limitations/implications Firstly, this study is based on cross-sectional survey due to which temporal ambiguity averted to draw causal inferences. Secondly, other significant factors can also predict hospitalisations and provide insightful results, such as lifestyle factors, behavioral factors, obesity, mental state and several personal habits such as smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, consuming tobacco or other harmful substances. But this information was not available in this study. Even with these limitations, the hospitalisation issues among the elderly are beneficial to understand the current circumstances of CDs, NCDs and injury and other diseases for India and its states to formulate health policy. Practical implications Early screening and early treatment for NCDs are needed, which are non-existent in almost all parts of India. It is essential to necessitate and identify the important factors that best predict hospitalisation or re-visit of hospital admission. Although, the medical advances in India have made rapid strides in the past few decades, it is burdened none the less, as the doctor–patient ratio is very low. It is important to develop preventive measures to minimize the accidents and causalities to avoid substantial cost associated with elderly health care. Social implications Raising awareness, promotion of healthy life style and improving the quality of good health-care provisions at primary level is a necessity. Originality/value The findings, practical and social implications provide a way forward for the health policymakers to potentially alter the future research to reduce associated comorbidities, unnecessary hospitalisations and other medical complications.

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“…The overall incidence rate of hospitalization in our study was 175 per 10,000 population, with higher hospitalization rates due to NCDs rather than communicable diseases. A study also reported higher self-reported incidence of NCDs in rural Bangladesh than communicable diseases [ 8 ] and hospitalizations at the district level hospitals were also found to be comparatively higher for NCDs than communicable diseases [ 27 ]. Similarly, a study in India (a neighboring country) also found that hospitalization rates for NCDs and injuries are slightly higher in India than communicable diseases [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease-specific distress healthcare financing and catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditure for hospitalization in Bangladesh

Sheikh

Sarker

Sultana

et al. 2022

Int J Equity Health

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Background Financial risk protection and equity are two fundamental components of the global commitment to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), which mandates health system reform based on population needs, disease incidence, and economic burden to ensure that everyone has access to health services without any financial hardship. We estimated disease-specific incidences of catastrophic out-of-pocket health expenditure and distress financing to investigate progress toward UHC financial risk indicators and investigated inequalities in financial risk protection indicators by wealth quintiles. In addition, we explored the determinants of financial hardship indicators as a result of hospitalization costs. Methods In order to conduct this research, data were extracted from the latest Bangladesh Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics in 2016–2017. Financial hardship indicators in UHC were measured by catastrophic health expenditure and distress financing (sale/mortgage, borrowing, and family support). Concentration curves (CC) and indices (CI) were estimated to measure the pattern and severity of inequalities across socio-economic classes. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess the determinants of catastrophic health expenditure and distress financing. Results We found that about 26% of households incurred catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and 58% faced distress financing on hospitalization in Bangladesh. The highest incidence of CHE was for cancer (50%), followed by liver diseases (49.2%), and paralysis (43.6%). The financial hardship indicators in terms of CHE (CI = -0.109) and distress financing (CI = -0.087) were more concentrated among low-income households. Hospital admission to private health facilities, non-communicable diseases, and the presence of chronic patients in households significantly increases the likelihood of higher UHC financial hardship indicators. Conclusions The study findings strongly suggest the need for national-level social health security schemes with a particular focus on low-income households, since we identified greater inequalities between low- and high-income households in UHC financial hardship indicators. Regulating the private sector and implementing subsidized healthcare programmes for diseases with high treatment costs, such as cancer, heart disease, liver disease, and kidney disease are also expected to be effective to protect households from financial hardship. Finally, in order to reduce reliance on OOPE, the government should consider increasing its allocations to the health sector.

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Pattern of Non-Communicable Diseases among the Admitted Patients in a District Level Hospital of Bangladesh

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Patterns and Outcomes of Illnesses in Medical Patients Admitted to Holy Family Hospital in a period of Three Months

Patterns and Outcomes of Illnesses in Medical Patients Admitted to Holy Family Hospital in a period of Three Months

Differentials and predictors of hospitalisation among the elderly people in India: evidence from 75th round of National Sample Survey (2017-2018)

Disease-specific distress healthcare financing and catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditure for hospitalization in Bangladesh

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