Pattern formation induced by Ar+ sputtering on Au(1 1 1)

Bose, A. Chandra; Yoshitake, Michiko

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.09.057

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…After extended sputtering the ion bombarded surfaces reach dynamic equilibrium with characteristic size, depth and density of nested pits. 4,6,7,[29][30][31][32] Fig. 2 shows a series of IRRA spectra obtained during the adsorption and desorption of CO on the pitted-Cu(111) surface, which was prepared by sputtering the flat Cu(111) surface for 5 minutes at 300 K. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Even though the ion bombardment increases the roughness of a surface, its crystallinity is preserved. 1,[3][4][5] There have been numerous studies on defective Cu, Au, Pt, Ni and Ag surfaces prepared by ion sputtering, 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] characterizing morphological changes due to ion sputtering as well as the interactions of adsorbates with defective surfaces. The roughness of defective surfaces can be removed by heating the sample to sufficiently high temperatures, so that the mobility of atoms is high enough to reach their thermodynamic equilibrium and thus flatten the surface.…”

Section: A Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorbate-driven morphological changes on Cu(111) nano-pits

Mudiyanselage

Hoffmann

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Adsorbate-driven morphological changes of pitted-Cu(111) surfaces have been investigated following the adsorption and desorption of CO and H. The morphology of the pitted-Cu(111) surfaces, prepared by Ar(+) sputtering, exposed a few atomic layers deep nested hexagonal pits of diameters from 8 to 38 nm with steep step bundles. The roughness of pitted-Cu(111) surfaces can be healed by heating to 450-500 K in vacuum. Adsorption of CO on the pitted-Cu(111) surface leads to two infrared peaks at 2089-2090 and 2101-2105 cm(-1) for CO adsorbed on under-coordinated sites in addition to the peak at 2071 cm(-1) for CO adsorbed on atop sites of the close-packed Cu(111) surface. CO adsorbed on under-coordinated sites is thermally more stable than that of atop Cu(111) sites. Annealing of the CO-covered surface from 100 to 300 K leads to minor changes of the surface morphology. In contrast, annealing of a H covered surface to 300 K creates a smooth Cu(111) surface as deduced from infrared data of adsorbed CO and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) imaging. The observation of significant adsorbate-driven morphological changes with H is attributed to its stronger modification of the Cu(111) surface by the formation of a sub-surface hydride with a hexagonal structure, which relaxes into the healed Cu(111) surface upon hydrogen desorption. These morphological changes occur ∼150 K below the temperature required for healing of the pitted-Cu(111) surface by annealing in vacuum. In contrast, the adsorption of CO, which only interacts with the top-most Cu layer and desorbs by 200 K, does not significantly change the morphology of the pitted-Cu(111) surface.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorbate-driven morphological changes on Cu(111) nano-pits

Mudiyanselage

Hoffmann

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…The formation of such pits and one atomic layer high adatom islands has been noted previously after 500 eV Ar-ion sputtering at room temperature. 25 The morphological studies reveal that both types of nanoislands (i.e. adatoms and vacancies) are observed throughout the surfaces, including the middle parts of the gold terraces, and that quite often the gold adatoms locate at the edges of the vacancy islands.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Argon ion irradiation induced morphological instability of bare and thiol-functionalized Au(111) surfaces

Venäläinen

Räisänen

Marchand

et al. 2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Ar ion irradiation-induced changes in the morphology of bare and 1-dodecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) covered Au(111) surfaces have been investigated systematically. The changes were followed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements while varying the ion charge (Ar(+),Ar(4+)), energy (10-40 keV) and fluency (10(12)-10(13) ions per cm(2)). The impact of flame-annealing of the Au(111) surface on subsequent ion bombardment was considered and more prominent related surface morphology changes were noted. The irradiation of Au(111) surfaces generated Au vacancy and adatom islands and caused roughening of step edges. The size and abundance of these islands and the level of deformation on the step edges depended strongly on the ion energy and fluency. In case of the SAM functionalized surface, the gold vacancy islands present on the surface already from the SAM formation were modified, step edges roughened and gold adatom islands formed. Similarly to the bare surface, the level of surface deformation increased as a function of ion energy and fluency. The Ar(4+) irradiation caused on the average slightly larger vacancy islands on the SAM modified surfaces than the Ar(+) irradiation. Irradiation to fluency of 10(12) ions per cm(2) mostly maintained standing-up orientation of the thiolates whereas irradiation to higher fluency resulted in reduced surface coverage and flat-lying molecules. As a general trend the DDT covered surfaces were more susceptible for irradiation-induced surface morphology changes than the unmodified Au surfaces.

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“…The first class comprises methods able to image the surface in real space, such as scanning tunnelling microscopy STM, atomic force microscopy AFM and scanning electron microscopy SEM. All these methods provide a detailed observation of the fine structure of the patterns, including the atomic planes, the shape of the surface defects, and the damage induced by single impact events [1][2][3][4]. Generally, these methods have been used in a 'snap-shot' way: the sample is ion bombarded at predetermined conditions, for example fixing the temperature and/or the ion dose, and then it is moved to the imaging position.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron x-ray scattering from metal surfaces nanostructured by IBS

Boragno¹,

Felici²

2009

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Ion beam sputtering (IBS) can induce the formation of ordered nanostructures, whose properties depend on ion flux, sputtering angle, sample temperature, sample structure, surface symmetry, etc. For the comprehension of the time evolution of the formed nanostructure morphology it is necessary to perform in situ real time studies. In this review we shall describe results obtained using x-ray based techniques at synchrotron facilities to study in situ the time and temperature evolution of metal surfaces nanopatterned by ion sputtering. Different techniques, such as x-ray reflectivity, grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering and x-ray surface diffraction have been used, each of them providing complementary information for the determination of the surface structure and morphology. In this review, we present some experiments done in recent years to show how these methods contributed to our understanding of the IBS process on metal surfaces.

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Pattern formation induced by Ar+ sputtering on Au(1 1 1)

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Adsorbate-driven morphological changes on Cu(111) nano-pits

Adsorbate-driven morphological changes on Cu(111) nano-pits

Argon ion irradiation induced morphological instability of bare and thiol-functionalized Au(111) surfaces

Synchrotron x-ray scattering from metal surfaces nanostructured by IBS

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