Pattern and Determinants of Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among Nigerian Pregnant Women

Abstract

Background. The need for a high level of adherence to antiretroviral drugs has remained a major hurdle to achieving maximal benefit from its use in pregnancy. This study was designed to determine the level of adherence and identify factors that influence adherence during pregnancy. Method. This is a cross-sectional study utilizing a semistructured questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine factors independently associated with good drug adherence during pregnancy. Result. 137 (80.6%) of the interviewed 170 women achieved adherence level of ≥95% using 3 day recall. The desire to protect the unborn child was the greatest motivation (51.8%) for good adherence. Fear of being identified as HIV positive (63.6%) was the most common reason for nonadherence. Marital status, disclosure of HIV status, good knowledge of ART, and having a treatment supporter were found to be significantly associated with good adherence at bivariate analysis. However, after controlling for confounders, only HIV status disclosure and having a treatment partner retained their association with good adherence. Conclusion. Disclosure of HIV status and having treatment support are associated with good adherence. Maternal desire to protect the child was the greatest motivator for adherence.

The Role of Male Partner Involvement on Mother’s Adherence to PMTCT Care and Support, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia

“…Unlike to study in Nigeria [15], male involvement in PMTCT care and support in this study was higher. This could be attribuTable to the integrated community interventions including PMTCT services in Ethiopia through the aid of Health Extension Program.…”

Adherence to Anti-retroviral Therapy among HIV Positive Pregnant Women in Ayder Refferal Hospital, Northern Ethiopia

“…This is higher than study reported in Nigeria (80.6%), Zambia (82.5%) and Malawi (72.5%) [8,9,17]. This might be due to good practice of PMTCT and awareness of the participants in the study area and having good regular follow up that increase the adherence rate in the study area.…”

“…A three month study in Nigeria among pregnant women revealed that adherence rate was 80.6% up on using 3 day recall method, with a non-adherent rate of 19.4% [8]. A retrospective cohort study in Malawi showed that the retention rate was 72.5% [9].…”

“…Available methods include pill counts, self-report, prescription refills, medication event monitoring system, biological markers and assays [8]. ART Adherence is crucial to effectively decrease maternal viral load and reduce the risk of MTCT of HIV [12].…”

Determinants of perceived stigmatizing and discriminating attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

“…It was reported that even though maternal desire to protect their unborn child was the greatest adherence motivator for some, majority of these women missed their drugs nor partake in any other HIV-related services because of stigmatization and discrimination associated to being identified as HIV positive. These women had higher tendencies of self-stigmatization and were less aware that antiretroviral drugs help to increase their quality of life (Ekama, 2012). …”