Patrones dietarios en adolescentes mexicanas. Una comparación de dos métodos. Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición, 1999

Abstract

We identified dietary patterns in Mexican adolescent girls by two methods, obtaining comparable results between methods.

Dietary patterns of Brazilian adolescents: results of the Brazilian National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE)

“…While our study showed no correlation between the unhealthy pattern and HDI-M, in Mexico the Western diet was positively associated with adolescents' level of schooling and housing quality index 42 . Meanwhile, this pattern showed an inverse association with income in Australia 44 , with socioeconomic status in Germany 46 , and with income and maternal schooling in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil 47 .…”

“…In keeping with studies in adolescents that used cluster analysis, the current study showed a high prevalence of the dietary pattern characterized by frequent consumption of unhealthy foods and low consumption of healthy foods 42,49,50 . A study of Korean adolescents showed the existence of a modified or transitional pattern, equivalent to the mixed pattern described here, characterized by lower intake of healthy foods (vegetables, fruits, and milk) and intermediate intake of unhealthy foods (soda, French fries, cookies, and candy), when compared to the other two patterns identified (traditional and Western) 48 .…”

“…The identification of three dietary patterns showed the best fit, considering the interpretation and size of the clusters and the internal consistency of the patterns by calculating Cronbach's alpha (values greater than 0.6 were considered satisfactory 40,41,42 ). Determination of the items comprising each pattern used the centroid value for each food or food group.…”

“…Thus far, the two main methods used to identify dietary patterns in this age bracket have been factor analysis 42,44,45,46,47,48 and cluster analysis 42,49,50 .…”

“…The studies generally identify two or three dietary patterns, one represented by the consumption of healthy foods (protective) 44,45,46,48 , another by unhealthy foods (fast food or Western diet) 42,44,45,46,47,50 , and the third by a traditional diet for that specific area 46,47,48,49 .…”