PaTrans

Abstract

This paper describes Pa~lh'ans-a fully automatic production MT system designed for producing raw translations of patent texts fl'om English into Danish. First we describe the backbone of tile system: the EUROTRA research project, and prototype. Then we give an overview of the trauslat, ion process and the basic flmetionality of Pa'I~'ans, and finally we describe some recent extensions for improving processing efficiency and the translation quality of unexl)ected input encountered in real-lit~ texts.

Passive with control and raising in mainland Scandinavian

“…There have since been a number of studies on complex passive in Norwegian (see e.g. Christensen 1991; Engh 1994; Hellan 2001), and at least one on Danish (Ørsnes 2006). Since the term complex passive is also used for other constructions, I will refer to this type as control verb with passive participle , abbreviated CoPP .…”

“…Holmberg (2002) as evidence that the passive and the participle are reanalyzed as a complex predicate. 9 Ørsnes (2006) argues against this analysis and points out that a complex predicate typically has a single external argument whereas the suppressed agents of the control verb and the participle need not be coreferential. Example (2) can be understood to convey that someone tries to arrange for the car to be repaired by someone else.…”

“…In the English translations I have followed Ørsnes (2006) and tried to convey the meaning by using a paraphrase which introduces an event of trying, recommending, forbidding etc. Overt agent phrases are possible but are seldom present.…”

“…CoPP is also found in presentational sentences in Danish and Norwegian, provided that the pivot (the subject associate) is indefinite (Ørsnes 2006, 394).…”

“…In Danish and Norwegian, there is a construction, known in the literature as complex passive , where V2 is a passive participle (see e.g. Engh, 1984; Hellan, 1984; Christensen, 1986; Ørsnes, 2006). This construction, was previously thought not to be found in Swedish but a closer look reveals that Swedish instead uses a construction where V2 is a passive infinitive.…”