Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory samples: a 5-year epidemiological study

López, Cristina Matesanz; Gallego, C Loras; Calvo, Juana Cacho; Vasallo, Israel John Thuissard; Ramírez, María Teresa Río

doi:10.37201/req/121.2020

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Previous studies have revealed that in most cases, several factors such as the existence of a pulmonary diseases or immunosuppression promote infections by NTM [ 19 ]. In this study, chronic bronchitis was the most frequent comorbidity in these patients, in contrast to the studies conducted by Matesanz et al which revealed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was the most frequent comorbidity in patients infected with NTM [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Profile of non-tuberculous mycobacteria amongst tuberculosis presumptive people in Cameroon

Donkeng Donfack,

Fokou,

Wadje

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

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Background Cameroon is a tuberculosis (TB) burden country with a 12% positivity among TB presumptive cases. Of the presumptive cases with a negative TB test, some are infected with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). However, the diagnosis of NTM infections remains difficult due to the lack of tools in many laboratories, particularly in resource limited laboratories and remote setting. The present study was undertaken to determine NTM profile and associated comorbidities among TB presumptive people. Methods A retrospective study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 in the Tuberculosis-National Reference Laboratory (TB-NRL) for Bacteriological analysis of samples and Jamot Hospital of Yaounde (JHY) for clinical evaluation of confirmed NTM patients. We included in this study data of 5267 TB presumptive people previously diagnosed using three consecutive samples and having culture and SD Bioline results with or without Microscopy and reverse hybridization-based Line Probe Assay(LPA) results. The data on co-morbidities or history of people infected with NTM were then collected from the three participants with available clinical data. Results We collected data of 5267 presumptive TB people. Among them, 3436 (65.24%), have a positive culture with 3200 (60.75%) isolates belong to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MBTC) and 236 (4.48%) to NTM. Our results showed that, 123 (52.11%) NTM were isolated from people with negative microscopy and 113 (47.88%) from people with positive microscopy. Among the 236 NTM, 108 (45.8%) isolates were identified using LPA. M. fortuitum was the most represented species (32.41%) followed by M. intracellulare (19.44%). Sputum had the highest proportion of NTM (56%), followed by bronchial aspirations (31%). The extra-pulmonary samples presented lower proportions of isolates compared to pulmonary samples. Some patients affected with NTM presented comorbidities as HIV infection, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Type 2 diabetes, Chronic bronchitis and Alveolar pneumonia. Conclusions Our study showed the presence of NTM strains among presumptive TB people with a predominance of M. fortuitum and M. intracellulare. It is important to implement a surveillance system of NTM in TB burden country and also to develop a point-of-care test for NTM identification in limited-resource settings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Profile of non-tuberculous mycobacteria amongst tuberculosis presumptive people in Cameroon

Donkeng Donfack,

Fokou,

Wadje

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

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“…Mycobacterial infections are globally increasing despite the decline of tuberculosis [ 1 ]. Tuberculosis-causing bacteria include M. tb and Mycobacterium leprae resulting in tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, around 6.6% of the US population or 16.4 million US individuals suffer from COPD. Patients with a history of lung disease such as COPD have an increased risk of Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) colonization [ 1 , 2 ]. In patients with COPD, the risk of contracting a mycobacterial infection is 15 times higher than that of the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Potential COPD Immunosuppression Pathways Causing Increased Susceptibility for MAC Infections among COPD Patients

Munjal

Gao

et al. 2021

Clinics and Practice

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Although there has been a drastic decline in the cases of Tuberculosis in the United States, the prevalence of infections caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) has steadily increased in the past decades. Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) is one of the most abundant microorganisms in the MAC species. The mycobacterium genus is divided into two major groups: tuberculosis causing mycobacteria and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. MAC is most prominent among the non-tuberculous mycobacteria. MAC is an opportunistic pathogen that is present in soil, water, and droplets in the air. MAC infections can result in respiratory disease and can disseminate in affected patients. MAC infections are especially prevalent in patients with preexisting respiratory conditions such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is one of the most common lung conditions in the world with the primary cause being smoking in developed countries. COPD involves chronic inflammation of lung tissue resulting in increased susceptibility to infection. There is a lack of research regarding the pathophysiology that leads COPD patients to be susceptible to MAC infection. Our review paper therefore aims to investigate how the pathogenicity of MAC bacteria and immune decline seen in COPD patients leads to a greater susceptibility to MAC infection among COPD patients.

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“…Patients with preexisting respiratory conditions have greater susceptibility to infection. Lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributes to increased risk of MAC colonization [ 12 , 13 ]. COPD is an inflammatory condition that leads to the obstruction of airflow within the lungs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive Effects of Cyclic Peptide [R4W4] When Added Alongside Azithromycin and Rifampicin against Mycobacterium avium Infection

Kelley,

Sasaninia,

Abnousian

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Mycobacterium avium (M. avium), a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses a risk for pulmonary infections and disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional treatment consists of a 12-month regimen of the first-line antibiotics rifampicin and azithromycin. However, the treatment duration and low antibiotic tolerability present challenges in the treatment of M. avium infection. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains prompts a need for novel treatments against M. avium infection. This study aims to test the efficacy of a novel antimicrobial peptide, cyclic [R4W4], alongside the first-line antibiotics azithromycin and rifampicin in reducing M. avium survival. Colony-forming unit (CFU) counts were assessed after treating M. avium cultures with varying concentrations of cyclic [R4W4] alone or in conjunction with azithromycin or rifampicin 3 h and 4 days post-treatment. M. avium growth was significantly reduced 4 days after cyclic [R4W4] single treatment. Additionally, cyclic [R4W4]–azithromycin and cyclic [R4W4]–rifampicin combination treatments at specific concentrations significantly reduced M. avium survival 3 h and 4 days post-treatment compared with single antibiotic treatment alone. These findings demonstrate cyclic [R4W4] as a potent treatment method against M. avium and provide insight into novel therapeutic approaches against mycobacterium infections.

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Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory samples: a 5-year epidemiological study

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Profile of non-tuberculous mycobacteria amongst tuberculosis presumptive people in Cameroon

Profile of non-tuberculous mycobacteria amongst tuberculosis presumptive people in Cameroon

Exploring Potential COPD Immunosuppression Pathways Causing Increased Susceptibility for MAC Infections among COPD Patients

Additive Effects of Cyclic Peptide [R4W4] When Added Alongside Azithromycin and Rifampicin against Mycobacterium avium Infection

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