Patients’ Attitudes and Sources of Information on Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Rural Michigan

Abstract

Background This study investigated patients’ attitudes about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in rural Michigan. Despite increasing cases in rural communities across America, surveys have revealed that residents may feel less threatened by the virus compared to their urban counterparts. This difference in attitude and information appraisal can negatively affect rural health by discouraging coronavirus disease (COVID-19) preventative behaviors. Understanding social influences that contribute to the formation of opinions about the pandemic can help public health officials and clinicians better address rural health. Methodology This cross-sectional study surveyed 299 participants from three primary care clinics in Shiawassee County of Michigan during a seven-week interval. Statistical analysis, primarily through SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA), included descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression models, paired t- tests, and correlation coefficients. A p -value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results Patients believed the risk COVID-19 posed to their family was significantly higher than the risk it posed to themselves ( p < 0.001). Patients who reported that they would follow their provider’s advice for treatment of a non-COVID-19 medical illness were found to be more likely to follow a provider’s advice on COVID-19 ( p < 0.001). However, patients overall were more agreeable with following provider advice for non-COVID-19 medical illnesses than they were for COVID-19 ( p < 0.001). Conclusions As patients were more agreeable with following medical advice on chronic conditions than COVID-19, there may be extrinsic factors influencing patient views of COVID-19. Polarization of COVID-19 in the media has heavily influenced attitudes toward the virus in America. Initiatives to provide reliable patient education is key to encouraging constructive discussions and a healthy rural community. In a strong patient-provider relationship, primary care providers can share and encourage appropriate healthy behaviors regarding COVID-19, which have a direct impact on community health.

Eliciting Opinions on Health Messaging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Survey Study

“…Participants across our samples listed local sources such as friends, family members, local news, physicians, or other health care professionals as their most used sources of information on COVID-19. This finding is consistent with studies that found that facilitating relationships with local stakeholders and health care providers is essential for building trust in COVID-19, especially in rural communities [42,43]. To increase people's trust in message sources, we recommend including contact information and a specific link to learn more about the health issue as well as using a knowledgeable spokesperson such as a community physician to disseminate new health messages [44].…”