Patient-specific CFD simulation of intraventricular haemodynamics based on 3D ultrasound imaging

Abstract

BackgroundThe goal of this paper is to present a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model with moving boundaries to study the intraventricular flows in a patient-specific framework. Starting from the segmentation of real-time transesophageal echocardiographic images, a CFD model including the complete left ventricle and the moving 3D mitral valve was realized. Their motion, known as a function of time from the segmented ultrasound images, was imposed as a boundary condition in an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian framework.ResultsThe model allowed for a realistic description of the displacement of the structures of interest and for an effective analysis of the intraventricular flows throughout the cardiac cycle. The model provides detailed intraventricular flow features, and highlights the importance of the 3D valve apparatus for the vortex dynamics and apical flow.ConclusionsThe proposed method could describe the haemodynamics of the left ventricle during the cardiac cycle. The methodology might therefore be of particular importance in patient treatment planning to assess the impact of mitral valve treatment on intraventricular flow dynamics.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12938-016-0231-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Patient-specific CFD models for intraventricular flow analysis from 3D ultrasound imaging: Comparison of three clinical cases

“…As shown before, the presence of the MV leaflets in the simulations is crucial, as the leaflets direct the flow and shape the vortex. A correct representation of the valvular apparatus is therefore mandatory to reproduce all features of intraventricular flow field (Bavo et al, 2016, Seo et al, 2014). …”

“…The segmented surfaces provide the position of the MV and LV in discrete time-points of the cardiac cycle, and this information is used to prescribe their kinematics for the CFD simulation. This CFD model with moving boundaries is described in full details in the work of Bavo et al, 2016. The simulations were run on a Dell PowerEdge R620 server (2× Intel Xeon E5-2680v2 CPUs at 2.8Ghz) with eight cores used.…”

Modeling of coarctation of aorta in human fetuses using 3D/4D fetal echocardiography and computational fluid dynamics

“…21 Subsequently, we reduced the dimension of the isthmus of the aorta from 100% to 85%, 70%, 55%, 40%, and 25% of the original dimension, respectively. As fetal blood density is 1057 kg/m 3 , dynamic viscosity coefficient is 8.7 mPa s,and the Reynolds number is about 1900, it was assumed that the blood flow was steady and laminar.…”

“…Although aortic diameter changes due to the pulsatility of blood flow in the cardiac cycle, the variability is in the range of 5%-10%, and STIC=spatio-temporal image correlation; CFD=computational fluid dynamics; TUI=tomographic ultrasound imaging; AO=aorta; Vel=velocity; 1=peak systolic velocity of aorta the aorta can be simplified and treated as a rigid pipe with an error within acceptable range. 21 Subsequently, we reduced the dimension of the isthmus of the aorta from 100% to 85%, 70%, 55%, 40%, and 25% of the original dimension, respectively. Numerical simulation was performed in each of the six conditions, and the data of flow profile, velocity, pressure, and WSS were computed and compared with those of normal aorta at the baseline.…”

One Mesh to Rule Them All: Registration-Based Personalized Cardiac Flow Simulations

“…The current trend for patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is to rely on image data to personalize the models [2,3]. Several sequential steps are usually required.…”