“…Other frequently used PROMs include the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessing quality of life and mental well-being. 35 Since TMD patients often report a lower quality of life and higher risks of anxiety and depression, particularly those with pain-related and intra-articular TMDs, 36 , 37 incorporating corresponding PROMs into future research can significantly enhance the understanding of how TMJ effusion may affect the life quality and mental health of TMD patients.…”