Patient-related factors, antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial resistance of the commensal Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in a healthy population - Hungarian results of the APRES study

Kolozsvári, László Róbert; Kónya, József; Paget, John; Schellevis, François G.; Sándor, János; Szöllösi, Gergő József; Harsányi, Szilvia; Jancsó, Zoltán; Rurik, Imre

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3889-3

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Antibiotics can save the life of an infected person if used appropriately, but they are among the most widely inappropriately used medicines in the world, especially in low-and middle-income countries. 1 This has led to the development of serious microbial resistance, [2][3][4] which has become a major public health concern. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when antibiotics are no longer able to kill bacteria as they should.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of antibiotic prescribing and appropriateness for respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Jordan

et al. 2021

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Background Inappropriate use of antibiotics is a public health concern that promotes antibiotic resistance globally. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in Jordan to encourage judicious antibiotic prescribing. Methods The researchers conducted a retrospective secondary analysis of oral antibiotics prescribed in the family medicine clinics in a teaching university hospital in Jordan in 2017. Antibiotic prescribing rates and the types of antibiotics prescribed were analysed. Patients' age, gender, type of insurance, and the RTIs diagnosis were investigated as possible factors that could be associated with inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for RTIs. Results Our findings revealed that 20 133 prescriptions, (27.3%) of all the prescriptions issued in the family medicine clinics included an antibiotic. Penicillins accounted for 52.7% of all the antibiotics prescribed, followed by macrolides (21.6%) and cephalosporins (16.4%). The most common indication for prescribing the antibiotics was RTIs (51.1%). The majority of antibiotics prescribed for respiratory diagnosis were for upper RTIs (URTI) (61.5%), followed by otitis media (16.9%) and tonsillitis (15.4%). Only 28.8% of all the antibiotics prescribed were appropriate and indicated. Older patients were significantly more likely to be prescribed an antibiotic compared to the younger (P < .001). Also, hospital employees and university employees were significantly more likely to be prescribed an antibiotic compared to the Ministry of Health employees (P < .001). Conclusions Antibiotics were inappropriately prescribed, and their prescribing rate was high in the outpatient setting in the family medicine clinics studied in Jordan. This calls for policy‐level interventions to promote judicious antibiotic prescribing to minimise the avoidable burden of microbial resistance and unnecessary expenditure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of antibiotic prescribing and appropriateness for respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Jordan

et al. 2021

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“…reported that age was significantly associated with resistance to antibiotics [ 7 ]. However other studies have reported that age is not a factor in determining antibiotic resistance in patients with febrile UTI specifically, or in patients generally [ 8 , 9 ]. An Iranian study also found no significant association between age and the likelihood of having extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and associated factors in two hospital centers in Lebanon from January 2017 to June 2017

Salloum

Tawk

Tayyara

2020

Infection Prevention in Practice

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Summary General presentation Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is a universal problem. With the increase in the rate of resistance, knowledge of susceptibility patterns is essential to guide antimicrobial therapy. In Lebanon, many studies investigated this subject. Objectives Determine the rate of multidrug and extremely drug-resistant bacteria as well as the patterns of resistance and the factors associated with this resistance. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed using the cultures from the labs of two university hospitals in Lebanon. Bacteria were divided into four groups: sensitive, multidrug-, extremely- and pan-drug resistant. Patient information was obtained from the medical records. Using the SPSS software for Windows, version 20 (IBM, Armonk, USA), the frequency of the bacteria, their susceptibilities and the association of resistance with seven potential factors (age, gender, diabetes mellitus, cancer, chronic kidney disease, dialysis, previous hospitalization) were studied. Results The frequency of resistance was 53.7% (39.9% multidrug-resistant and 13.8% extremely drug-resistant). Escherichia coli strains were mostly susceptible to carbapenems and tigecycline; and nitrofurantoine and fosfomycin in urine. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species were mostly sensitive to colistin. Klebsiella species were mostly susceptible to amikacin and carbapenems. MRSA rates were 34.8%. Association was seen between the resistant bacteria and older age, chronic kidney disease, dialysis, and previous hospitalization. Conclusion Resistance of bacteria to drugs in Lebanon is increasing. Significant association is seen between these bacteria and older age, chronic kidney disease, dialysis, and previous hospitalization.

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“…Lebanon [17] reported that the frequency of antibiotic resistance was 53.7% (39.9% were multidrugresistant), and different kinds of pathogenic bacteria that were resistant to different kinds of antibiotics, such as Escherichia coli strains, were mostly susceptible to carbapenems and tigecycline, while Klebsiella species were mostly susceptible to amikacin and carbapenems. Moreover, a study in Hungary showed that the frequency of prescriptions from clinicians was related to the percentage of antibiotic resistance [18]. In addition, a prospective cohort study demonstrated that several bacterial pathogenic species were resistant to different kinds of antibiotics in the United Kingdom; 43.0% of patients with E. coli were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the highest resistance to amoxicillin [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance among the Lahu hill tribe people in northern Thailand: a cross-sectional study

Intahphuak¹,

APIDECHKUL²,

KUIPIAPHUM³

2020

Preprint

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Background Antibiotic resistance is often reported and is of major concern as a public health problem. The hill tribe people in Thailand are considered populations vulnerable to antibiotic resistance due to their poor economic and educational status. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of, the factors associated with, and the major species of bacteria involved in antibiotic drug resistance among the Lahu hill tribe people in northern Thailand. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to gather information from participants between March and September 2019. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection. Participants who presented an illness related to infectious diseases were eligible to participate in the study and were asked to obtain specific specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by the Kirbey-Bauer disk diffusion test. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to detect the associations between variables at the significance level of α = 0.05. Results A total of 240 participants were recruited into the study; 70.4% were females, 25.4% were aged 30–40 years. More than half worked in the agricultural sector (55.4%) and had an education level of less than primary school (45.8%). The majority had urinary tract infections (67.9%) with two major pathogenic species of the infection: Escherichia coli (12.8%) and Enterobacter cloacae (8.0%). The prevalence of antibiotic resistance was 16.0%. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae species were found to have multidrug resistance that was greater than that of other species, while ampicillin was found to have the greatest drug resistance. In the multivariate model, it was found that those who had poor knowledge of antibiotic use had a 2.56-fold greater chance (95% CI = 1.09–5.32) of having antibiotic resistance than did those who had good knowledge of antibiotic use, and those who had poor antibiotic use behaviors had a 1.79-fold greater chance (95% CI = 1.06–4.80) of having antibiotic resistance than did those who had good antibiotic use behaviors. Conclusion Effective public health interventions are urgently needed to reduce antibiotic drug resistance among the Lahu people by improving their knowledge and skills regarding the proper use of antibiotics and eventually minimizing antibiotic resistance.

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Patient-related factors, antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial resistance of the commensal Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in a healthy population - Hungarian results of the APRES study

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Patterns of antibiotic prescribing and appropriateness for respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Jordan

Patterns of antibiotic prescribing and appropriateness for respiratory tract infections in a teaching hospital in Jordan

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics and associated factors in two hospital centers in Lebanon from January 2017 to June 2017

Antibiotic resistance among the Lahu hill tribe people in northern Thailand: a cross-sectional study

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