Patient-Related Barriers to Pain Management: The Icelandic Barriers Questionnaire II

Abstract

The Barriers Questionnaire-II (BQ-II) is used to evaluate eight attitudinal barriers to cancer pain management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Icelandic BQ-II (IBQ-II). Icelandic adults (n=244) completed the IBQ-II, the Brief-Pain-Inventory, and demographic questions. Half the responders were male (52%), and 42.8% had pain on the day of data collection. Participants had a mean (SD) age of 34.73 (11.78) years and education of 15.08 (3.69) years. Factor analysis of the IBQ-II supported three factors. The alpha was 0.90. The mean (SD) IBQ-II total score was 2.32 (0.78), on a scale of 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating stronger barriers. IBQ-II total scores were inversely related to education (r=-0.21; P<0.01), and positively related to least pain (r=0.24; P<0.05), average pain (r=0.23; P<0.05), and pain interference with life activities (r=0.22; P<0.05) for those who had pain. There is support for reliability, validity, and feasibility of the IBQ-II.

Experience of Barriers to Pain Management in Patients Receiving Outpatient Palliative Care

“…In contrast, studies conducted in other countries, including Denmark, 24 China (specifically Hong Kong), 25 Iceland, 26 Jordan, 27 and Lithuania, 28 have reported consistently higher barrier scores than those reported by that first validation study. Those higher scores are consistent with the results of our previous study, which focused on Korean cancer patients.…”

Cancer-Related Pain Management and the Optimal Use of Opioids

“…14,15,[55][56][57][58] In Turkey, 170 patients with CRP were studied, using a questionnaire. 57 It was found that patients had barriers, mostly in relation to addiction, and to a small extent, physical side effects.…”

Pain in the elderly with cancer

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