Andersen's Behavioral Model; Andersen's expanded behavioral model; Andersen-Newman Behavioral Model of Health Services Use; Health services utilization model; Healthcare access framework; Healthcare utilization model; Societal and individual determinants of healthcare utilization
DefinitionThe Andersen Model of health service use (Andersen 1995;Andersen and Newman 1973) was developed to study the determinants of one's health services utilization, to assess inequality in access to health services, and to facilitate the policy-making process for equitable access to care and health services.
Overview
Origin of the Model and Its ComponentsThe Andersen Model was originally proposed by Andersen (1968) and Andersen and Newman (1973) to present a theoretical framework to understand and explain how and why people use certain types of health services or general types of health services. The Model argues that people's use of health services is a function of their predisposition, enabling or impeding factors to access services, and their needs for care (Andersen 1995). The Model could both predict use and explain the causal ordering of the determinant factors in health services use (Andersen 1968(Andersen , 1995(Andersen , 2008 see "Healthcare Utilization").The original model consists of four elements: three determinant components and one outcome. The three determinant components are Predisposing Characteristics, Enabling Resources, and Needs, with predisposing factors affecting enabling factors, then needs, and eventually the outcome -Health Services Use (Andersen 1968(Andersen , 1995(Andersen , 2008. Predisposing Factors usually refer to individuals' demographic, social characteristics, and health beliefs. They reflect the likelihood of their preference or intention of health services use when in need. Demographic factors such as age and sex represent one's biological imperatives that determine the likelihood of using health services. Social characteristics (or termed as social structures in the original model) (i.e., one's social characteristics, such as education,