Patient perceptions of a tuberculosis testing program provided in the community pharmacy setting

Jakeman, Bernadette; Logothetis, Stefanie J; Saba, Maya; Anderson, Darrell E.; Acosta, Julie; Borrego, Matthew E.; Roberts, Melissa H.; Bachyrycz, Amy; Fortune, Diana; Burgos, Marcos

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.12.010

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…All three studies that aimed to directly expand pharmacists’ roles to include TB testing were successful [ 30 , 31 , 38 ]. From 2011 to 2013, 578 people received TB tests from New Mexico pharmacists with a reported follow-up rate of 92.8% [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 2014 and 2016, 1709 people received TB testing at 12 New Mexican pharmacies. Of the people who participated in the study, 98.2% reported having a positive experience, and 91.1% stated they would return to the pharmacy for future TB tests [ 31 ]. In 2014, the University of Washington School of Pharmacy implemented a two-week training course on TB education, screening, TST administration, and test assessment for second year pharmacy students.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were found to include the coordination and monitoring of pharmaceuticals, quality assurance, and clinical governance, as well as research for district-level pharmacists and medication dispensing for sub-district level pharmacists. In New Mexico, Jakeman et al found that having community pharmacists perform and read TB tests can serve to provide improved data as well as patient referrals that might otherwise be lost [ 31 ]. Ullah et al also argued that community pharmacies are a useful resource for TB case detection and referral, especially in places such as Pakistan which have large but fragmented private sectors [ 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Testing for TB and treating TB infection (LTBI) are natural next steps after pharmacists can successfully screen and refer potential TB cases based on symptomatology. A Collaborative Practice Agreement (CPA) developed in New Mexico, USA allowed pharmacists to broaden their scope of practice to include the prescription of TB testing in community pharmacies [ 31 ]. The authors found that pharmacies were ideal settings for TB testing services due to their accessibility, and pharmacists were able to successfully perform and read TB tests with high rates of approval and follow-up from people receiving care [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacists’ Role in Global TB Elimination: Practices, Pitfalls, and Potential

Cernasev,

Stillo,

Black

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Tuberculosis (TB) is the top infectious killer in the world despite efforts to eliminate it. Pharmaceutical care roles are pillars of pharmacy practice, and pharmacists are well equipped to serve a unique role in the pathway to provide education about TB. Previous systematic reviews emphasize pharmacists’ role in treating TB; however, pharmacists can and do play much broader roles in overall TB elimination efforts. Five researchers searched five electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, and Embase). Search terms included pharmacy, pharmacist, tuberculosis, antitubercular agents, supply, distribution, and drug therapy. Inclusion criteria were studies published from 2010 through March 2023, in English or Spanish, addressed a specific TB-related role for pharmacists/pharmacies, and were peer-reviewed. Exclusion criteria included pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials on drug efficacy, and editorials. Two researchers conducted each level of review; for discordance, a third researcher reviewed, and a decision was reached by consensus. Roles were extracted and cross-referenced with traditional pharmaceutical care steps. Of the initial 682 hits, 133 were duplicates. After further review, we excluded 514 records, leaving 37 articles for full extraction. We found nine roles for pharmacists in TB prevention and classified them as implemented, not implemented, or recommended. These roles were: (1) TB symptom screening; (2) Referring to TB care systems; (3) TB testing; (4) Dispensing TB medication correctly and/or directly observed therapy; (5) Counseling; (6) Looking to reduce socioeconomic barriers; (7) Procurement of TB medications; (8) Quality assurance of TB medications; (9) Maintaining and using pharmacy data systems. Pharmacists are well situated to play a vital role in the global fight against TB. Findings suggested pharmacists in many settings have already expanded their roles related to TB elimination beyond traditional pharmaceutical care. Still others need to increase the understanding of TB procurement and treatment, their power to improve TB care, and their contributions to data systems that serve population health. Pharmacy curricula should increase TB-related training to better equip future pharmacists to contribute to TB elimination.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pharmacists’ Role in Global TB Elimination: Practices, Pitfalls, and Potential

Cernasev,

Stillo,

Black

et al. 2024

Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Since 2011 pharmacists in NM have been able to administer intradermal tuberculin skin test (TST) for tuberculosis (TB) screening. 12,13 The New Mexico Board of Pharmacy approved prescriptive authority that allows pharmacists, with TB testing certification, to prescribe, administer, and read TSTs. 14 Students also receive TST training within the UNM COP curriculum and can administer the TST under the supervision of a certified pharmacist.…”

Section: Intradermal Tuberculosis Screening Certificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rapid implementation of a pharmacy student vaccination program with the Department of Health to increase the delivery of intradermal monkeypox vaccinations

Denninger

Jakeman

Arnett

et al. 2022

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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The monkeypox virus is an orthopoxvirus, which is in the same family of viruses as the variola virus that causes smallpox. The United States (US) has documented the largest number of monkeypox globally with a reported 28 000 people infected.The greatest number of cases in the United States have been reported in men, ages 31-40. More than 90% of US cases between 17 May and 22 July 2022 were reported in men who reported recent sex or close contact with a man. Because of New Mexico's unique experience with pharmacist-administered tuberculin skin testing, pharmacists and pharmacy students were in a position to fill a community needs to provide intradermal monkeypox vaccinations. Pharmacy students at the University of New Mexico administered 355 subcutaneous doses and 534 intradermal doses of the monkeypox vaccine. The purpose of this manuscript is to highlight how pharmacy student interns can be successfully trained to vaccinate using the intradermal route of administration and provide patient care during this public health outbreak.

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