Patient Medication Preferences for Managing Dry Eye Disease: The Importance of Medication Side Effects

Abstract

ObjectivesThe side effects of dry eye medications can lead to medication non-adherence and, eventually, to poor outcomes. This study aimed to quantify to what extent the side effects of dry eye disease (DED) medications (burning/stinging sensation and blurring) are important to patients compared to medication benefits or costs. Methods Patients diagnosed with DED were recruited at a referral eye center in Singapore (n = 139). This study utilized a Discrete Choice Experiment where patients were presented with 10 choice tasks where they were asked to choose between their current medication (or no medication), and two hypothetical medications that varied based on five attributes: duration of burning/stinging, duration of blurring, time to medication effectiveness, medication frequency, and out-of-pocket cost. The main outcomes were relative attribute importance and predicted uptake. Results Latent class logistic regressions found two groups with distinct preferences. For both classes, duration of burning/ stinging (Class 1 = 23%, Class 2 = 29%) and cost (Class 1 = 24%, Class 2 = 27%) were the most important attributes while duration of blurring (Class 1 = 15%, Class 2 = 9%) was the least important. The predicted uptake of a medication increased 18 percentage-points when burning/stinging duration decreased from 2 h to a few minutes. The predicted uptake for new medications was lowest for those on medication with well-controlled symptoms and highest for those who were not on medication and could not control their symptoms effectively. Conclusion This study showed that duration of burning/stinging was an important factor when choosing medications. Incorporating patient preferences in medication decisions can potentially improve patient acceptance of a treatment regimen.

The Efficacy and Safety of Rebamipide Ophthalmic Suspension (OPC-12759) in Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Different DED treatments based on eye drops have been proposed, such as tear substitutes [42,43], cyclosporine [44][45][46] and autologous serum [47,48]. However, compliance with these treatments has been shown to be suboptimal [49,50]. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new treatment options that improve tear film quality and restore ocular surface homeostasis while achieving satisfactory compliance [51].…”