Patient education among nurses: bringing evidence into clinical applicability in Iran

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive review of the literatures describing barriers and facilitators of patient education (PE) perceived by Iranian nurses in order to explain clinical applicability of patient education. Methods. Review of the literature was undertaken using the international databases including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, as well as Google Scholar. Also, Persian electronic databases such as Magiran, SID and IranMedex were searched. Electronic databases were searched up from conception to September 2014 using search terms: "patient education", " patients education", "patient teaching", "patient training", "nurse", " nurses", " nursing", " and "Iran". Only studies were included that were related to barriers and facilitators of PE among Iranian nurses. Results. Twenty-seven studies were included. The main influential barriers were categorized into three major areas: 1) Nurserelated factors: nursing shortage 2) Administrationrelated factors: unsupportive organizational culture, and 3) Patient-related factors: low compliance. The most perceived facilitators were recognized as "increasing, selecting and training special nurses for providing PE" and "providing PE courses for nurses and appropriate facilities for PE". Conclusion. Iranian nurses encounter barriers in PE, and the most frequently encountered barriers were related to administration factors. These findings have implications for administrators and managers in health settings. In order to promote PE among nurses, administrators should create a supportive environment and use effective strategies to smooth the progress of PE by nurses in their practice in order to ensure optimal outcomes for patients. "educación del paciente", "educación de pacientes", "enseñanza del paciente", "entrenamiento del paciente", "enfermera", "enfermeras", e "Irán". Solo se analizaron los estudios relacionados con las barreras y facilitadores de EP entre enfermeras iraníes.Resultados. Se incluyeron 27 estudios. Las principales barreras se clasificaron en tres grandes áreas: 1) Factores relacionados con la enfermería: escasez de este recurso humano, 2) Factores relacionados con la administración: inapropiada cultura organizacional y 3) Factores relacionados el paciente: bajo cumplimiento. Los facilitadores más percibidos se reconocieron como "el aumento, la selección y formación especial de las enfermeras para proporcionar EP" y "disponibilidad de cursos de EP para las enfermeras y la disponibilidad de instalaciones adecuadas para brindar el EP". Conclusión. Las enfermeras iraníes encuentran barreras en la EP, siendo las más frecuentes las relacionadas con factores de la gestión de los recursos. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones para los administradores y directivos de las instituciones de salud, pues para promover que las enfermeras en su práctica brinden la EP, se debe crear un ambiente de apoyo y utilizar estrategias eficaces con el fin de garantizar resultados óptimos en los pacientes.Palabras clave: educación del paciente c...

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