Patient dose measurements in diagnostic radiology procedures in Montenegro

Milatović, Aleksandra; Ciraj-Bjelac, Olivera; Ivanovic, Sonja; Jovanovic, S; Spasić-Jokić, Vesna

doi:10.1093/rpd/ncr317

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The mean DAP, 10.17 Gy cm 2 in Germany [19] 59% greater than this study mean DAP result due to setting a softer tube voltage (50-70 kv) and a lower number of radiograph per examination, 3.7 including the plain abdominal film. The Mean DAP 19 Gy cm 2 in the developing country Montenegro [20] was 23% greater than this study mean DAP result, it could be attributed to the use of relatively lower tube loading, lower number 6 (5-7) radiographs per exam, softer mean tube voltage of 67 kv which was a lower mean tube voltage, 79.30 kv, and a lower tube output of 0.08 mGy/mAs than this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

A Mathematical Approach Evaluation of Dose Area Product (DAP) Using to Patients Undergoing Intravenous Urography Examinations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Muhdin¹,

Teferi²

2021

Int J Radiol Imaging Technol

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Patient dose evaluation is one of the quality assurance programs. Dose area product is a product of surface area of patient that exposed to radiation at the skin entrance multiplied by the radiation dose at the surface. This research focused on a dosimetry, DAP, for specific X-rays examination which is known as Intravenous Urography examination. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 145 adult patients age above 16 years examined using IVU in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia at two public and two private hospitals during February 2012-March 2012. The type of X-ray tubes with their outputs (measured using Unfors Ray Safe XI R/F detector) and the exposure parameters for each patients were recorded. The DAP to patients were estimated using mathematical equation. The recorded data was analyzed using statistical software. It was obtained that mean DAP (Gy cm 2 ) per examination within hospitals ranged from 13.7 Gy cm 2 to 32.9 Gy cm 2 . The mean value of this study DAP (24.7 Gy cm 2 ) per examination which was greater than most of the published results and National diagnostic reference levels. These insure that the Intravenous Urography performed in the some of the hospitals were not capable of acceptable dose levels for patient safety. Therefore, to achieve a lower value of DAP per examination to a patient; a quality assurance program should be done in the hospitals to minimize the number of films per exam and to use appropriate exposure factors to get quality radiographic image for diagnosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

A Mathematical Approach Evaluation of Dose Area Product (DAP) Using to Patients Undergoing Intravenous Urography Examinations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Muhdin¹,

Teferi²

2021

Int J Radiol Imaging Technol

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“…Several patient dose surveys have been performed around the world during the past decades and comparison has been carried out on obtained results with DRLs (dose reference levels) reported by international legislative organizations like the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) and EC (European Commission) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Some developed countries have drawn up a comprehensive NDRLs (national dose reference levels) plan for X-ray examinations based on the ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection) recommendations [7,8] and try to update it regularly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient dose measurement in common medical X-ray examinations and propose the first local dose reference levels to diagnostic radiology in Iran

Rasuli¹,

Juybari²,

Forouzi³

et al. 2017

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

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Introduction: The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in pelvic and abdomen x-ray examinations. This work also provided the LDRLs (local diagnostic reference levels) in Khuzestan region, southwest of Iran to help establish the NDRLs (national diagnostic reference levels). Methods: Patient doses were assessed from patient's anatomical data and exposure parameters based on the IAEA indirect dosimetry method. With regard to this method, exposure parameters such as tube output, kVp, mAs, FFD and patient anatomical data were used for calculating ESD (entrance skin dose) of patients. This study was conducted on 250 standard patients (50% men and 50% women) at eight high-patient-load imaging centers. Results: The results indicate that mean ESDs for the both pelvic and abdomen examinations were lower than the IAEA and EC reference levels, 2.3 and 3.7 mGy, respectively. Mean applied kVps were 67 and 70 and mean FFDs were 103 and 109, respectively. Tube loadings obtained in this study for pelvic examination were lower than all the corresponding values in the reviewed literature. Likewise, the average annual patient load across all hospitals were more than 37000 patients, i.e. more than 100 patients a day. Conclusions: The authors recommend that DRLs (diagnostic reference levels) obtained in this region, which are the first available data, can be used as local DRLs for pelvic and abdomen procedures. This work also provides that on-the-job training programs for staffs and close cross collaboration between physicists and physicians should be strongly considered.

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“…Iran also was not involved in the international project of patient dose survey, under the supervision of the IAEA, in the year 2004, which makes these types of studies more important (3) . While during the past decades several patient dose survey have been performed around the world, (4–11) but a few noteworthy studies have been conducted on patient dose in Iran (1,12–15) . The authors believe that patient dose survey must be performed in all provinces, as Local Dose Reference Levels (LDRLs) to complete the National Dose Reference Levels (NDRLs) puzzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient dose measurement in common medical X‐ray examinations in Iran

Rasuli¹,

Mahmoud-Pashazadeh

Ghorbani³

et al. 2016

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in the chest (PA/AP/LAT) and skull (PA/AP/LAT) X‐ray examinations, as frequent procedures. The study was performed in eight public hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Patient dosimetry was conducted on 567 standard patient X‐ray examinations (males: 61.2%, female: 38.2%). Dosimetry protocol in this study was indirect method, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technical Reports series No. 457. Patients weighing 70±10 kg were considered as standard. In the indirect dosimetry approach, exposure parameters such as kVp, mAs, focal film distance (FFD), and tube outputs recorded during data acquisition were used for calculating incident air kerma on the patient's skin, entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) that is recommended by the IAEA as the most appropriate patient dosimetry quantity in simple radiographic examinations. This survey reveals significant variations in the radiological practice. Results showed that the parameters set by radiologic technologists change in a wide range: mAs varied from 2 to 80 for skull PA, 2 to 202 for chest LAT, and FFD varied from 50 to 180 for skull LAT projection. The study showed that patient doses in three chest projections exceed the IAEA and European Commission dose reference levels (EC DRLs) — 1.0, 1.12, and 2.20 mGy for chest PA, chest AP, and chest LAT, respectively. Results also showed that mean ESAKs of patients in skull projections were generally lower than the IAEA and EC DRLs, 1.5, 1.72, and 2.25 for skull LAT, skull AP, and skull PA, respectively. This study provides evidence that dose reduction in the simple X‐ray examinations is feasible by updating clinical audits and implementation of systematic quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) programs. The authors recommend that DRLs obtained in this study can be used as local DRLs in Khuzestan area and dose surveys must be performed in all provinces to establish national dose reference levels (NDRLs) in Iran.PACS numbers: 87.53.Bn, 87.57.uq, 87.59.B

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Patient dose measurements in diagnostic radiology procedures in Montenegro

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

A Mathematical Approach Evaluation of Dose Area Product (DAP) Using to Patients Undergoing Intravenous Urography Examinations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

A Mathematical Approach Evaluation of Dose Area Product (DAP) Using to Patients Undergoing Intravenous Urography Examinations in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Patient dose measurement in common medical X-ray examinations and propose the first local dose reference levels to diagnostic radiology in Iran

Patient dose measurement in common medical X‐ray examinations in Iran

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