Patient-derived xenografts, a multi-faceted in vivo model enlightening research on rare liver cancer biology

Moro, Massimo; Casanova, Michela; Roz, Luca

doi:10.21037/hbsn.2017.06.03

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…This allows for joint comparison of drug response between healthy and tumor organoid from the same patient and broadens the prediction path for personalized therapy [64; 66]. Another important point is that tumor organoids produced from patient is more cost-effective compared to patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, as they require less resources and time [67]. Besides these advantages of organoids, it has the limitation of lack of communication between organs found in complex in vivo systems.…”

Section: Patient-originated Tumor Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Biomaterials for Organoid Modeling and Tumor Spheroids

Berk

2022

Journal of Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials

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Organoids are miniature forms of organs to demonstrate spatio-temporal cellular structure and tissue function. The organoids creation revolutionized developmental biology and provided the opportunity to study and modify human development and disease in laboratory setting. Recently, new biomaterial-guided culture systems have represented the versatility for designing and producing of organoids in a constant and reproducible manner. Since 2D cell culture models often lack in vivo tissue architecture, recent detailed research has allowed many 3D culture models development demonstrating the characteristics of in vivo organ structure and function. Organoid models are able to create 3D structures complex that maintain multiple cell types and also hide the relevant organ functions in vivo, and therefore, the development of organoids in particular has revolutionized developmental biology, disease modeling, and drug discovery. The new biomaterials production has been important for development of in vitro 3D models. Further work with biomaterials has been on the creation of hybrid polymers that combine the advantages of both synthetic and natural polymers to take place of communal materials such as Matrigel and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The creation of 3D culture systems has also revolutionized in vitro drug testing. Furthermore, recreating the three-dimensional environment of tumors and the functional arrangement of cancer cells has been a major motivation for developing new tumor models. Under defined culture conditions, cancer cells can form three-dimensional structures known as spheroids and advances in development of embryonic to self-organize into three-dimensional cultures known as organoids. These newly designed biomaterials using for tumor modeling will make an important contribution to understand the main mechanisms of cancer.

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Section: Patient-originated Tumor Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Biomaterials for Organoid Modeling and Tumor Spheroids

Berk

2022

Journal of Physical Chemistry and Functional Materials

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“…Rare cancer malignancies, such as pediatric liver cancer, have attracted the interest in developing avatar mice models for hepatoblastoma research [180,181]. Nicolle et al have studied this condition and have developed 24 tumor derived xenografts from 20 hepatoblastomas, one hepatocellular carcinoma, two malignant rhabdoid tumors, and one transitional liver cell tumor.…”

Section: Patient Derived Xenograft Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sublethal irradiation of other immunodeficient strains prior to cell implantation (human hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow or umbilical cord [201] or cord-blood mononuclear cells [180]) is also preferred in obtaining humanized versions of mouse models. Then, usually after a month, tumor cell lines are implanted to study and to test different immunotherapies.…”

Section: Humanized Mice Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous and Induced Animal Models for Cancer Research

Onaciu

Munteanu

et al. 2020

Diagnostics

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Considering the complexity of the current framework in oncology, the relevance of animal models in biomedical research is critical in light of the capacity to produce valuable data with clinical translation. The laboratory mouse is the most common animal model used in cancer research due to its high adaptation to different environments, genetic variability, and physiological similarities with humans. Beginning with spontaneous mutations arising in mice colonies that allow for pursuing studies of specific pathological conditions, this area of in vivo research has significantly evolved, now capable of generating humanized mice models encompassing the human immune system in biological correlation with human tumor xenografts. Moreover, the era of genetic engineering, especially of the hijacking CRISPR/Cas9 technique, offers powerful tools in designing and developing various mouse strains. Within this article, we will cover the principal mouse models used in oncology research, beginning with behavioral science of animals vs. humans, and continuing on with genetically engineered mice, microsurgical-induced cancer models, and avatar mouse models for personalized cancer therapy. Moreover, the area of spontaneous large animal models for cancer research will be briefly presented.

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“…They mimic the biological characteristics of the primary tumors better than do cancer cell lines. Although PDX models can better predict drug responses, their application in medicine is limited because they are expensive and time- and resource-consuming [ 4 ]. It is necessary to develop a new model that has the advantages of the two models mentioned above.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%