Pathways to Embodiment of HIV Risk: Black Men Who Have Sex with Transgender Partners, Boston, Massachusetts

Reisner, Sari L.; Mimiaga, Matthew J.; Bland, Sean; Driscoll, Maura A.; Cranston, Kevin; Mayer, Kenneth H.

doi:10.1521/aeap.2012.24.1.15

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Second, despite efforts to recruit from Facebook sites featuring racial/ethnic minority transgender media figures, our sample was predominantly non-Hispanic white. Racial and ethnic minority TGY deserve additional attention to illuminate their distinct health care needs within the context of not only social stigma and health disparities associated with the intersectionality of gender and sexual minority status, but those historically associated with institutional and structural racism (Macapagal, Bhatia, & Greene, 2016; Reisner, Mimiaga, Bland, Driscoll, Cranston & Mayer, 2012; Smalley et al, 2016). Third, the majority of participants were out to some people and at least one guardian about their gender and sexual orientation identities with most parents at least somewhat accepting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitators and Barriers to Participation in PrEP HIV Prevention Trials Involving Transgender Male and Female Adolescents and Emerging Adults

Fisher

Fried

Desmond

et al. 2017

AIDS Education and Prevention

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Despite the disproportionate burden of HIV facing transgender youth, they continue to be under-represented in studies designed to provide an empirical basis for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programs that can meet the unique needs of this population. This study examined facilitators and barriers to participation in a PrEP adherence study. Ninety transgender male (TM) and 60 transgender female (TF) 14 – 21 year olds attracted to cisgender male sexual partners completed an online survey to examine (a) gender identity, age and family disclosure; (b) sexual experience, HIV/STI testing history and perceptions of HIV risk; (c) prior health services and (d) perceived PrEP research risks and benefits (e) and the relationship of these factors to the likelihood of study participation. Approximately 50% were likely to participate in the PrEP study. Participation facilitators included prior sexual and health service experiences (i.e. number of sexual partners, STI testing history, comfort discussing sexual orientation and HIV protection with health providers) and study access to PrEP and health services (i.e. daily HIV protection, not having to rely on a partner for protection, regular health check ups). Participation barriers included lack of concern about HIV, potential medication side effects, the logistics of quarterly meetings, remembering to take PrEP daily and reluctance to discuss gender identity with study staff. Requiring guardian consent was a participation barrier for youth under 18. Results suggest that successful recruitment and retention of transgender youth in PrEP prevention studies warrant protocols designed to address youth's underestimation of HIV risk, concerns regarding medical risk and study logistics, and their need for gender and sexual orientation affirming health services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitators and Barriers to Participation in PrEP HIV Prevention Trials Involving Transgender Male and Female Adolescents and Emerging Adults

Fisher

Fried

Desmond

et al. 2017

AIDS Education and Prevention

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“…We initially hypothesized that the increased risk would primarily concern MtFSM participants, given a growing body of literature on the challenges facing this population and their nontransgender male partners (Bockting, Miner, & Rosser, 2007; Coan, Schrager, & Packer, 2005; Crosby & Pitts, 2007; Mauk, 2008; Operario, Burton, Underhill, & Sevelius, 2008; Operario, Nemoto, Iwamoto, & Moore, 2011; Reback & Larkins, 2011; Reisner et al, 2012). However, our results clearly demonstrate that both MtFSM and FtMSM are at high risk for unprotected sex and risk-related behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Risk Behaviors in the U.S. Transgender Population: Prevalence and Predictors in a Large Internet Sample

Feldman

Romine

Bockting

2014

Journal of Homosexuality

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To study the influence of gender on HIV risk, a sample of the U.S. transgender population (N = 1,229) was recruited via the Internet. HIV risk and prevalence were lower than reported in prior studies of localized, urban samples, but higher than the overall U.S. population. Findings suggest that gender nonconformity alone does not itself result in markedly higher HIV risk. Sex with nontransgender men emerged as the strongest independent predictor of unsafe sex for both male-to-female (MtF) and female-to-male (FtM) participants. These sexual relationships constitute a process that may either affirm or problematize gender identity and sexual orientation, with different emphases for MtFs and FtMs, respectively.

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“…40–43 To our knowledge, no data specific to male clients of TSW have been reported. The sexual relationship patterns of men who have sex with transgender women show many concurrent partners in diverse sexual networks, including natal women, men, and transgender women.…”

Section: Hiv Vulnerability: a Complex Interaction Of Multilevel Risksmentioning

confidence: 97%

HIV risk and preventive interventions in transgender women sex workers

Wirtz²,

et al. 2015

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Worldwide, transgender women who engage in sex work have a disproportionate risk for HIV compared with natal male and female sex workers. We reviewed recent epidemiological research on HIV in transgender women and show that transgender women sex workers (TSW) face unique structural, interpersonal, and individual vulnerabilities that contribute to risk for HIV. Only six studies of evidence-based prevention interventions were identified, none of which focused exclusively on TSW. We developed a deterministic model based on findings related to HIV risks and interventions. The model examines HIV prevention approaches in TSW in two settings (Lima, Peru and San Francisco, CA, USA) to identify which interventions would probably achieve the UN goal of 50% reduction in HIV incidence in 10 years. A combination of interventions that achieves small changes in behaviour and low coverage of biomedical interventions was promising in both settings, suggesting that the expansion of prevention services in TSW would be highly effective. However, this expansion needs appropriate sustainable interventions to tackle the upstream drivers of HIV risk and successfully reach this population. Case studies of six countries show context-specific issues that should inform development and implementation of key interventions across heterogeneous settings. We summarise the evidence and knowledge gaps that affect the HIV epidemic in TSW, and propose a research agenda to improve HIV services and policies for this population.

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Pathways to Embodiment of HIV Risk: Black Men Who Have Sex with Transgender Partners, Boston, Massachusetts

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

Facilitators and Barriers to Participation in PrEP HIV Prevention Trials Involving Transgender Male and Female Adolescents and Emerging Adults

Facilitators and Barriers to Participation in PrEP HIV Prevention Trials Involving Transgender Male and Female Adolescents and Emerging Adults

HIV Risk Behaviors in the U.S. Transgender Population: Prevalence and Predictors in a Large Internet Sample

HIV risk and preventive interventions in transgender women sex workers

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