Pathways of corticosteroid biosynthesis by homogenates of adrenal tissue from rabbits stimulated with adrenocorticotropin

Hr, Fevold

doi:10.1021/bi00836a045

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Studies in rabbits indicated that the ratio of cortisol to corticosterone might be influenced by some physiological conditions. For example, representation of cortisol was observed to be favored in fetal stages of development [ 13 ], after stimulation of adrenal secretion with adrenocorticotropin [ 14 – 17 ] as well as in vitro depending on concentration of some precursors needed for hormone biosynthesis [ 18 ]. In spite of the fact that corticosterone is the main glucocorticoid in plasma, prevalence of cortisol over corticosterone was revealed in some organs such as kidneys, spleen, heart and brain [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and Correlation of Serum Cortisol and Corticosterone under Different Physiological or Stressful Conditions in Mice

et al. 2015

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Although plasma corticosterone is considered the main glucocorticoid involved in regulation of stress responses in rodents, the presence of plasma cortisol and whether its level can be used as an indicator for rodent activation of stress remain to be determined. In this study, effects of estrous cycle stage, circadian rhythm, and acute and chronic (repeated or unpredictable) stressors of various severities on dynamics and correlation of serum cortisol and corticosterone were examined in mice. A strong (r = 0.6–0.85) correlation between serum cortisol and corticosterone was observed throughout the estrous cycle, all day long, and during acute or repeated restraints, chronic unpredictable stress and acute forced swimming or heat stress. Both hormones increased to the highest level on day 1 of repeated-restraint or unpredictable stresses, but after that, whereas the concentration of cortisol did not change, that of corticosterone showed different dynamics. Thus, whereas corticosterone declined dramatically during repeated restraints, it remained at the high level during unpredictable stress. During forced swimming or heat stress, whereas cortisol increased to the highest level within 3 min., corticosterone did not reach maximum until 40 min. of stress. Analysis with HPLC and HPLC-MS further confirmed the presence of cortisol in mouse serum. Taken together, results (i) confirmed the presence of cortisol in mouse serum and (ii) suggested that mouse serum cortisol and corticosterone are closely correlated in dynamics under different physiological or stressful conditions, but, whereas corticosterone was a more adaptation-related biomarker than cortisol during chronic stress, cortisol was a quicker responder than corticosterone during severe acute stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and Correlation of Serum Cortisol and Corticosterone under Different Physiological or Stressful Conditions in Mice

et al. 2015

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“…The enhancement of 17-hydroxycorticoid formation in the presence of ACTH was not manifest in the absence of calcium, where little or no secretion was observed. The mechanism by which ACTH increases the synthesis of hydrocortisone at the expense of corticosterone production has been explained by an increase in the activity of 17a-hydroxylase (Fevold, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mode of action of ACTH on the isolated perfused adrenal gland

Jaanus¹,

Rosenstein²,

Rubin³

1970

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Isolated cat adrenal glands were perfused with Locke solution, and the corticosteroid outputs in response to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) were studied.2. Steroid outputs varied with the ACTH concentration, as well as with the duration of exposure to a given ACTH concentration.3. Omission of calcium from the perfusion medium markedly depressed ACTH-evoked steroid release. The steroid output was directly related to the extracellular calcium concentration up to 0 5 mM.4. During a constant exposure to ACTH, steroid output was maintained for at least 2-3 hr, provided that calcium was present in the perfusion medium.5. Strontium, but not barium or magnesium, replaced calcium in maintaining the secretary response to ACTH.6. Magnesium depressed ACTH-evoked secretion in the presence of calcium, and this depression of secretion was antagonized by increasing the calcium concentration.7. Prolonged perfusion with sodium-free or potassium-free solutions did not markedly inhibit steroid output in response to ACTH. Excess potassium (56 mM) did not produce a consistent or marked increase in spontaneous steroid output and did not affect the response to ACTH.8. The steroid content of adrenal glands perfused with Locke solution and exposed to ACTH was about 10 % of the amount which was secreted. By contrast, adrenal glands perfused with calcium-free media and exposed to ACTH contained much higher amounts of steroid, despite the negligible amount secreted.9. These data suggest that calcium plays a critical role in the mechanism of corticosteroid secretion from the adrenal cortex.

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Quantitative determination of endogenous corticosteroids in the rabbit plasma and aqueous humor

Obenberger

Stárka

Hampl

1971

Albrecht von Graefes Arch. Klin. Ophthalmol.

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Pathways of corticosteroid biosynthesis by homogenates of adrenal tissue from rabbits stimulated with adrenocorticotropin

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Dynamics and Correlation of Serum Cortisol and Corticosterone under Different Physiological or Stressful Conditions in Mice

Dynamics and Correlation of Serum Cortisol and Corticosterone under Different Physiological or Stressful Conditions in Mice

On the mode of action of ACTH on the isolated perfused adrenal gland

Quantitative determination of endogenous corticosteroids in the rabbit plasma and aqueous humor

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