“…Hematogeneous metastases differ from Krukenberg tumors and metastases from the gastrointestinal tract, which involve the ovary secondarily through peritoneal dissemination. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma is the most common histopathologic type of breast cancer to metastasize to the ovaries as well as the peritoneum and gastrointestinal tract [ 33 , 34 ] . Figure 2Axial CT in a 47-year-old woman with breast cancer shows metastases to the greater omentum (arrows), ovaries (o) and uterus (U).…”
Recent advances in multi-detector computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound have led to the detection of incidental ovarian, uterine, vascular and pelvic nodal abnormalities in both the oncology and non-oncology patient population that in the past remained undiscovered. These incidental pelvic lesions have created a management dilemma for both clinicians and radiologists. Depending on the clinical setting, these lesions may require no further evaluation, additional immediate or serial follow-up imaging, or surgical intervention. In this review, guidelines concerning the diagnosis and management of some of the more common pelvic incidentalomas are presented.
“…Hematogeneous metastases differ from Krukenberg tumors and metastases from the gastrointestinal tract, which involve the ovary secondarily through peritoneal dissemination. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma is the most common histopathologic type of breast cancer to metastasize to the ovaries as well as the peritoneum and gastrointestinal tract [ 33 , 34 ] . Figure 2Axial CT in a 47-year-old woman with breast cancer shows metastases to the greater omentum (arrows), ovaries (o) and uterus (U).…”
Recent advances in multi-detector computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound have led to the detection of incidental ovarian, uterine, vascular and pelvic nodal abnormalities in both the oncology and non-oncology patient population that in the past remained undiscovered. These incidental pelvic lesions have created a management dilemma for both clinicians and radiologists. Depending on the clinical setting, these lesions may require no further evaluation, additional immediate or serial follow-up imaging, or surgical intervention. In this review, guidelines concerning the diagnosis and management of some of the more common pelvic incidentalomas are presented.
“…Seeded neoplastic or infectious material associated with free intraperitoneal fluid cascades along the mesenteric leaves in the inframesocolic space and is deposited on the medial aspect of the caecum on the right and on the superior aspect of the sigmoid mesocolon on the left [5,6] .…”
Section: Small Bowel Mesenterymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…5 ). Benign gastric ulcers may penetrate into the spleen via this ligament as well [ 2–4 , 6 , 26 ] . Figure 5 Gastric cancer spread to the spleen via the gastrosplenic ligament.…”
Section: Gastrosplenic Ligamentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Dissemination of disease between the retroperitoneum and the peritoneal cavity, between the subdivisions of the retroperitoneum, and within the subperitoneal spaces is difficult to conceptualize if the various spaces and compartments of the abdomen and pelvis are considered fixed, immutable, and isolated delineators of anatomy. Meyers and colleagues have perceived that the abdominal cavity should be viewed rather as a continuous space that is punctuated by the abdominal mesenteries, ligaments, and fascia, which may either confine disease or actually provide an avenue for its spread [ 2–7 ] . Blood vessels, lymphatics, and the biliary system also contribute to the spread of a number of benign and malignant processes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The subperitoneal space extends into the peritoneal cavity and is invested between the layers of the mesenteries and ligaments that support and interconnect the abdominal and pelvic organs. As such, it provides one large continuous space in which infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory, and hemorrhagic disease may spread in many directions [ 2–4 , 6 8–13 ] . Figure 1 Subperitoneal spaces.…”
The subperitoneal space is a large, unifying, anatomically continuous potential space that connects the peritoneal cavity with the retroperitoneum. This space is formed by the subserosal areolar tissue that lines the inner surfaces of the peritoneum and the musculature of the abdomen and pelvis. It contains the branches of the vascular, lymphatic, and nervous systems that supply the viscera. The subperitoneal space extends into the peritoneal cavity and is invested between the layers of the mesenteries and ligaments that support and interconnect the abdominal and pelvic organs. As such, it provides one large continuous space in which infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory, and hemorrhagic disease may spread in many directions.
Peritoneal sarcomatosis (PSC) is defined as peritoneal involvement of multiple sarcomatous tumors. Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCT) and rhabdomyosarcomas are the most common pediatric PSC cases. PSC has been treated with chemotherapy and mainly palliative surgery, but long-term outcome has been poor. New imaging technologies have improved the evaluation of disease extent and patterns of peritoneal dissemination, and cytoreductive surgery followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is being evaluated as a treatment option to prolong remission in pediatric patients. We will review the clinical characteristics, potential biologic mechanisms, radiographic characteristics, and potential therapies for pediatric PSC patients.
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