Pathways for adaptation of low‐income housing to extreme heat

Barnett, Guy; Beaty, Robert M.; Meyers, Jacqui; Chen, Dong; McFallan, Stephen

doi:10.1002/9781118845028.ch40

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The low rate of air-conditioning use in Italy and Moldova and the low-level socioeconomic development in Moldova and Vietnam might be the reason that these countries had higher heat wave effects on mortality than other countries. In addition, the variation in the impact of heat waves on mortality might be modified by: a ) demographic characteristics (e.g., population in high-risk categories, such as the elderly or less healthy) ( Schifano et al 2009 ); b ) community-level adaptation levels to heat waves (e.g., heat wave warning systems) ( Ebi et al 2004 ); or c ) personal adaptation strategies (e.g., air-conditioner use, housing structure, clothing type) ( Barnett et al 2013 ; Farbotko and Waitt 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Wave and Mortality: A Multicountry, Multicommunity Study

Guo

Gasparrini

Armstrong

et al. 2017

Environ Health Perspect

387

232

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Background:Few studies have examined variation in the associations between heat waves and mortality in an international context.Objectives:We aimed to systematically examine the impacts of heat waves on mortality with lag effects internationally.Methods:We collected daily data of temperature and mortality from 400 communities in 18 countries/regions and defined 12 types of heat waves by combining community-specific daily mean temperature ≥90th, 92.5th, 95th, and 97.5th percentiles of temperature with duration ≥2, 3, and 4 d. We used time-series analyses to estimate the community-specific heat wave–mortality relation over lags of 0–10 d. Then, we applied meta-analysis to pool heat wave effects at the country level for cumulative and lag effects for each type of heat wave definition.Results:Heat waves of all definitions had significant cumulative associations with mortality in all countries, but varied by community. The higher the temperature threshold used to define heat waves, the higher heat wave associations on mortality. However, heat wave duration did not modify the impacts. The association between heat waves and mortality appeared acutely and lasted for 3 and 4 d. Heat waves had higher associations with mortality in moderate cold and moderate hot areas than cold and hot areas. There were no added effects of heat waves on mortality in all countries/regions, except for Brazil, Moldova, and Taiwan. Heat waves defined by daily mean and maximum temperatures produced similar heat wave–mortality associations, but not daily minimum temperature.Conclusions:Results indicate that high temperatures create a substantial health burden, and effects of high temperatures over consecutive days are similar to what would be experienced if high temperature days occurred independently. People living in moderate cold and moderate hot areas are more sensitive to heat waves than those living in cold and hot areas. Daily mean and maximum temperatures had similar ability to define heat waves rather than minimum temperature. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1026

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Wave and Mortality: A Multicountry, Multicommunity Study

Guo

Gasparrini

Armstrong

et al. 2017

Environ Health Perspect

387

232

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“…This is because the indoor temperatures of NC and EC100 were subtracted by 5 • C and these subtracted temperatures largely affected the results of DI NC and DI ESSBA . In addition, the trends for DI a and DI NC were generally observed in the DI values for both indoors and outdoors [45]. Thus, the observed trends were found to be general.…”

Section: Bt Of the Dismentioning

confidence: 53%

“…were subtracted by 5 °C and these subtracted temperatures large DINC and DIESSBA. In addition, the trends for DIa and DINC were g DI values for both indoors and outdoors [45]. Thus, the observed general.…”

Section: Bt Of the Dismentioning

confidence: 57%

Machine Learning-Based Simulation of the Air Conditioner Operating Time in Concrete Structures with Bayesian Thresholding

Jang,

Kim,

Woo

2024

Materials

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Efficient energy use is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality and reduction. As part of these efforts, research is being carried out to apply a phase change material (PCM) to a concrete structure together with an aggregate. In this study, an energy consumption simulation was performed using data from concrete mock-up structures. To perform the simulation, the threshold investigation was performed through the Bayesian approach. Furthermore, the spiking part of the spiking neural network was modularized and integrated into a recurrent neural network (RNN) to find accurate energy consumption. From the training-test results of the trained neural network, it was possible to predict data with an R2 value of 0.95 or higher through data prediction with high accuracy for the RNN. In addition, the spiked parts were obtained; it was found that PCM-containing concrete could consume 32% less energy than normal concrete. This result suggests that the use of PCM can be a key to reducing the energy consumption of concrete structures. Furthermore, the approach of this study is considered to be easily applicable in energy-related institutions and the like for predicting energy consumption during the summer.

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“…Australian research into the social and political dimensions of heatwaves, the influence of climate change, and the subsequent impacts on urban households is lacking in comparison to global research (Akompab et al , 2013; Perkins-Kirkpatrick et al , 2016; Bolitho and Miller, 2017). While there is a growing body of literature in Australia that explores impacts on vulnerable populations (Coates et al , 2014; Barnett et al , 2015; Hatvani-Kovacs et al , 2016), health impacts (Bi et al , 2011; Lindstrom et al , 2013), infrastructure impacts (McEvoy et al , 2012), and the role of technological and design solutions for the built environment (Nicholls et al , 2008; Saman et al , 2015), there are few analyses of household (in)actions to heatwaves in urban Australia. Exceptions include a technical framework for heatwave adaptation in conjunction with the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility by Saman et al (2013), Akompab et al (2013), Hatvani-Kovacs et al (2016), and Zografos et al (2016).…”

Section: Heatwaves and The Urban Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localising climate change: heatwave responses in urban households

Cornes

Cook

2018

DPM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical insights into urban household perceptions and (in)action towards the perceived impacts of climate change, based on a case study in Kensington, Victoria, Australia. This case utilises households as sites of active agency, rather than as passive recipients of climate change or associated governance. Design/methodology/approach This research trialled an approach to engaging a community in the context of disaster risk reduction (DRR). It involved a two-stage quantitative door-knocking survey (reported elsewhere), followed by a qualitative interview with interested households. In total, 76 quantitative surveys contextualise 15 qualitative interviews, which are the focus of this analysis. The findings are presented comparatively alongside the current literature. Findings Heatwaves are understood to be the most concerning hazard for the households in this sample who associate their increasing frequency and severity with climate change. However, subsequent (in)action is shown to be situated within the complexities of day-to-day activities and concerns. While respondents did not consider themselves to have “expert” knowledge on climate change, or consider their actions to be a direct response to climate change, most had undertaken actions resulting from experience with heatwaves. These findings suggest there may be an under-representation of DRR, which includes climate change adaptation actions, within the existing research. Research limitations/implications While this sample justifies the arguments and conclusions, it is not a representative sample and therefore requires follow-up. It does however challenge traditional approaches to risk management, which focus on awareness raising and education. The research highlights the unique contexts in which households perceive and act on risk, and the need for risk “experts” to consider such contexts. Originality/value This research provides empirical evidence of urban household responses to perceived climate change-related risk, an often-neglected dimension of heatwave and adaptation studies in Australia. The findings also suggest promise for the methodological approach.

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Pathways for adaptation of low‐income housing to extreme heat

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Heat Wave and Mortality: A Multicountry, Multicommunity Study

Heat Wave and Mortality: A Multicountry, Multicommunity Study

Machine Learning-Based Simulation of the Air Conditioner Operating Time in Concrete Structures with Bayesian Thresholding

Localising climate change: heatwave responses in urban households

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