Pathways and role of MALAT1 in esophageal and gastric cancer (Review)

Abstract

Esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) often have an unfavorable prognosis. Therefore, research is being conducted to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis and progression of GC and EC, and to indicate novel therapeutic targets and clinically applicable biomarkers. The dysregulations and roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported, and current published literature has shown that lncRNAs play important regulatory roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of EC and GC. The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been investigated in a number of studies with regard to its pathogenic pathways and association with the prognosis of gastric and esophageal malignancies. As literature on the topic of MALAT1 in EC and GC continues to emerge, the present review aims to summarize all current knowledge on the association between MALAT1 expression and esophagogastric malignancies and to describe the pathogenic pathways and possible prognostic role of MALAT1 in esophagogastric cancer. As research studies on MALAT1 pathways in esophagogastric malignancies are ongoing, new possibilities for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of GC and EC are likely to be identified.

Dexmedetomidine inhibits the growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer cells by down‐regulation of lncRNA MALAT1

“…The disorder of MALAT1 expression has been identified to be of great significance for the prognosis and treatment of various cancers, such as lung cancer, hepatocellular cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer 25 . Notably, there was evidence showing that MALAT1 was up‐regulated in both tissues and cells of EC, suggesting the potential pathogenic role of MALAT1 in EC 18,26 .…”

“…11 Besides, Hu et al 10 The disorder of MALAT1 expression has been identified to be of great significance for the prognosis and treatment of various cancers, such as lung cancer, hepatocellular cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. 25 Notably, there was evidence showing that MALAT1 was up-regulated in both tissues and cells of EC, suggesting the potential pathogenic role of MALAT1 in EC. 18,26 In our work, inhibiting MALAT1 could reduce the viability of EC cells while advance the apoptosis, with the up-regulations of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and active caspase-3) and the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2).…”

Asiatic acid re-sensitizes multidrug-resistant A549/DDP cells to cisplatin by down regulating long non-coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1/β-catenin signaling

“…MALAT1 is an oncogene with high conservation degree, which promotes cancer development and regulates radio-sensitivity and chemo-sensitivity in cancer cells [ 9 , 31 ]. MALAT1 has been considered as the prognostic cytokine that initially marked to be the survival marker, due to that it is related to tumor migration, metastasis, and recurrence among NSCLC patients [ 10 ].…”

MALAT1-related signaling pathways in colorectal cancer

“…In tumor cells, MALAT1 by targeting several transcription factors, growth factors, hormones, and epigenetic histone modifications can mediate cancer cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and drug resistance phenotypes [ 28 – 31 ]. Recent studies elucidated the role of MALAT1 in CRC cell growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis [ 32 , 33 ]. MALAT1 was reported to target several CRC-related pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, YAP, SOX9, RUNX2, Snail, EGF, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, P53, and VEGF [ 34 , 35 ].…”