Pathways and quantification of insoluble particles in the lung compartments of the rat

Mataušić-Pišl, Mirjana; Horš, Nada; Trošić, Ivančica

doi:10.1078/s1438-4639(04)70006-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…We used commercially available fluorescent polystyrene beads as a model for inert AMP (Fluoresbrite™ polychromatic red microspheres, Polysciences Inc., Pennsylvania, USA; herein referred to as AMP) exposure as has been used previously [ 31 ]. In this study, mice with a mutated non-functional TLR-4 expression (C3H/HeJ, referred to as TLR4−/−) and mice of the same strain expressing TLR-4 (C3H/HeN, referred to as wildtype, WT) were used in order to assess changes in respiratory mechanics and lung inflammation in response to nebulized treatments of AMP, LPS and a mixed AMP-LPS preparation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAccumulation mode particles (AMP) are formed from engine combustion and make up the inhalable vapour cloud of ambient particulate matter pollution. Their small size facilitates dispersal and subsequent exposure far from their original source, as well as the ability to penetrate alveolar spaces and capillary walls of the lung when inhaled. A significant immuno-stimulatory component of AMP is lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a product of Gram negative bacteria breakdown. As LPS is implicated in the onset and exacerbation of asthma, the presence or absence of LPS in ambient particulate matter (PM) may explain the onset of asthmatic exacerbations to PM exposure.This study aimed to delineate the effects of LPS and AMP on airway inflammation, and potential contribution to airways disease by measuring airway inflammatory responses induced via activation of the LPS cellular receptor, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4).MethodsThe effects of nebulized AMP, LPS and AMP administered with LPS on lung function, cellular inflammatory infiltrate and cytokine responses were compared between wildtype mice and mice not expressing TLR-4.ResultsThe presence of LPS administered with AMP appeared to drive elevated airway resistance and sensitivity via TLR-4. Augmented TLR4 driven eosinophilia and greater TNF-α responses observed in AMP-LPS treated mice independent of TLR-4 expression, suggests activation of allergic responses by TLR4 and non-TLR4 pathways larger than those induced by LPS administered alone. Treatment with AMP induced macrophage recruitment independent of TLR-4 expression.ConclusionsThese findings suggest AMP-LPS as a stronger stimulus for allergic inflammation in the airways then LPS alone.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0701-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung

et al. 2018

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Translocation of particles deposited in the respiratory system: a systematic review and statistical analysis

Nakane

2011

Environ Health Prev Med

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Many epidemiological studies have demonstrated that ambient particulate matter poses consistent risks for respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. The translocation of inhaled particles is one hypothesis that could explain such systemic effects. The objectives of this study were to conduct a systematic review of previous reports on particle translocation from the respiratory system and to discuss factors important for translocation. A PubMed search was conducted in August 2011 for the period from 1967 with four main keyword domains (particle, translocation, detection site, and exposure route). The systematic review identified 61 original articles written in English that met the specified criteria (i.e., information on experiment and particle detection). Categorical regression analysis was performed with the site of particle detection as the objective variable, and particle size, particle material, animal species, and exposure route as the explanatory variables. All explanatory variables showed statistically significant effects. The effects for particle size and particle material were large, while the effects for animal species and exposure route were relatively small. There was a broad relationship between particle size and detection site: ≤50 nm for brain and remote organs; ≤1 μm for blood; and ≤10 μm for lung tissues. However, these results should be considered within the context of several limitations, such as deficiency of information.

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Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes

et al. 2010

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Pathways and quantification of insoluble particles in the lung compartments of the rat

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung

Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung

Translocation of particles deposited in the respiratory system: a systematic review and statistical analysis

Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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