Pathways and destinations of floating marine plastic debris from 10 major rivers in Java and Bali, Indonesia: A Lagrangian particle tracking perspective

Iskandar, Mochamad Riza; Cordova, Muhammad Reza; Park, Young-Gyu

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114331

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The rivers in Jakarta Bay also play a very important role in the many contributions of marine debris accumulated around the Jakarta Bay area, including Rambut Island. According to Iskandar (2022), the Citarum and Cisadane rivers are the most important sources of marine debris, with these rivers discharging more than times the number of debris directly into Jakarta Bay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Rahman,

Zamani,

Ismet

et al. 2024

J. Kel. Trop.

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Monitoring and assessing the items stranded on shorelines is a crucial step in addressing the threat posed by marine debris to our ocean. The objective of this study is to examine the occurrence and categorize marine debris that accumulates on the beach and mangrove area of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve from the transitional season 2 to the rainy season. The abundance of marine debris is significant in transitional season 2. There is no significant difference between different seasons. The dominant form of debris among all macrodebris categories during transitional season 2 was plastic, accounting for 46.38% of the total. Single-use plastics like styrofoam, shoes, sandals, gloves, plastic wrap, and plastic sachets were found to be the most common types of large-scale plastic debris, comprising 60% of total macroplastic debris. The debris found on Rambut Island is believed to originate from debris carried by rivers that flow into Jakarta Bay. The presence of seasonal winds, currents, waves, and tides further contribute to the accumulation of debris in this area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Rahman,

Zamani,

Ismet

et al. 2024

J. Kel. Trop.

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“…Surprisingly, despite having a lower population than Java Island, Ambon exhibits higher microplastic abundance in its waters compared to the North Java area. This disparity is attributed to the swifter seawater flushing rate and shorter water residence time in North Java as opposed to Ambon (Nugrahadi et al, 2013;Mayer et al, 2015;Atmadipoera et al, 2022;Iskandar et al, 2022). Conversely, Inner Ambon Bay's unique characteristics impede material from leaving this area compared to other study locations (Salamena et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the positioning of microplastics at particular depths can be attributed to gravity, advection, and ingestion by plankton or other organisms (2016; Maximenko et al, 2012;Cole et al, 2013;Steer et al, 2017;Iskandar et al, 2022;Omeyer et al, 2023). Subsequently, these microplastics may be adsorbed with the fecal material of marine organisms, leading to their descent to the bottom of the water column (Yong et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic occurrence in sub-surface waters of the Indonesian archipelago

Cordova,

Iskandar,

Surinati

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The issue of plastic pollution in the marine environment is a matter of great concern. Our research presents pioneering findings on sub-surface microplastics in the Indonesian archipelagic waters. Data on microplastic presence in sub-surface water in the Indonesian Archipelagic Water is crucial for expanding our understanding of microplastic distribution from the surface to the bottom layers of the ocean, a research area that has been relatively overlooked. We discovered microplastic particles at 5 m depth below the surface through simultaneous pump method. The highest concentration of microplastics was discovered in Ambon, followed by North Java and North Sulawesi. In contrast, the lowest abundance of microplastics was detected in the Maluku Sea. These findings are consistent with prior studies establishing a relationship between human activity–as indicated by population density–and microplastic pollution. However, our results indicate that levels of microplastics in Ambon were significantly higher than those found in other sampled areas, particularly compared to North Java, which boasts the highest population density in Indonesia. This disparity is likely due to a faster seawater flushing rate and shorter water residence time in North Java relative to Ambon. The origins and pathways through which these microplastics are introduced into Indonesian archipelagic waters remain uncertain. Based on particle composition (52.73% fibers and 51.38% size <500 µm), it appears that they may result from either larger plastic items being broken down during transportation over long distances by prevailing currents from input from coastal areas or as a byproduct of local activities. Additional research is necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of microplastic in water columns. This includes investigating the fate of microplastics and examining their impact on marine organisms within this treasured ecosystem. Moreover, it is important to develop methods for mapping the worldwide distribution of microplastics.

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“…However, the lack of comprehensive data on the amount and distribution of marine plastic debris poses challenges to understanding and implementing effective mitigation strategies (Vriend et al, 2021) and ultimately calls into question whether these ambitious targets are realistic especially given the ever-shortening time frame. Ocean modelling and particle tracking modelling have been widely used to simulate plastic dispersal across space and time including throughout Indonesia, identifying the Java and Banda seas as particularly vulnerable to plastic exported from local rivers (Dobler et al, 2022;Iskandar, Cordova and Park, 2022). Although the outputs of these tools are of great interest to the public, they often require high levels of computer literacy and understanding, limiting the involvement of various interested parties in their application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engaging communities in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia: A collaborative approach to modelling marine plastic debris through open science and online visualization

Jones,

Christie,

Demmer

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Plast.

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Computer models, including those which simulate physical ocean conditions and track pieces of plastic pollution throughout the environment, often require specialist skills to operate or are hidden behind proprietary software. Ocean models can provide long-term and comprehensive estimates reducing the need to rely on costly, resource-intensive and irregular in-person monitoring. Indonesia, which is both a high emitter of plastic pollution and particularly vulnerable to non-domestic sources of marine litter as an archipelagic state, requires a cross-discipline and cross-sector approach if sources and impacts are to be addressed efficiently. Considering these synergies, this study has modelled surface microplastic transport around Sulawesi Island in central Indonesia across the monsoon-driven wet and dry seasons. We have also demonstrated a replicable framework and methodology to engage interested parties in the results of marine litter modelling. Through a combination of outreach and engagement activities, the impact and relationships of this study has far surpassed its initial funding duration -as evidenced by the continued use and engagement in its outputs. Not only does this study build upon evidence that plastic concentrations in the region are highly influenced by seasonality but also provides recommendations on funding structures, project development and international collaboration to create more impactful, inclusive, and symbiotic research.

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Pathways and destinations of floating marine plastic debris from 10 major rivers in Java and Bali, Indonesia: A Lagrangian particle tracking perspective

Cited by 19 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Microplastic occurrence in sub-surface waters of the Indonesian archipelago

Engaging communities in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia: A collaborative approach to modelling marine plastic debris through open science and online visualization

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