Pathotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolates from neonatal calves

Khawaskar, Damini; Sinha, Dharmendra Kumar; LALRINZUALA, MICHAEL V; Athira, V.; Kumar, Manish; Chhakchhuak, Lalsangzuala; Mohanapriya, K.; Sophia, I.; Abhishek, Abhishek; Kumar, O.R. Vinodh; Chaudhuri, Pallab; Singh, Bhoj Raj; Thomas, Prasad

doi:10.1007/s11259-021-09857-5

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…The present finding and the previous studies indicate that ETEC plays a major role in causing calf diarrhea. However, the results presented in this study contradicted that of Umpiérrez et al [ 34 ] and Khawaskar et al [ 43 ] who reported only 10% and 1.9% ETEC from diarrheic calves in Uruguay and India.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, STEC was the second most frequent pathotype found in 23.2% of diarrheic calves. This is in agreement with previous reports that STEC is a key pathotype in calf diarrhea [ 2 , 43 ]. In addition, STEC has been detected at a higher rate in diarrheic calves [ 40 ] and other diarrheic animals than in healthy animals [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In the present study, EPEC, EAEC, and EHEC pathotypes were found only in 3, 2, and 1% of diarrheic calves, respectively. These low percentages are in line with the findings from diarrheic neonatal calves sampled in India: EPEC (2.9%), EAEC (0.9%), and EHEC (0.3%) [ 43 ]. A study of diarrheic water buffalo diarrheic calves in Brazil detected EPEC (3.4%) and EHEC (3.4%) [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…There is no plausible explanation for these differences, and the sex skewed finding is inconsistent with a report from India where the detection of STEC (8.0%) and ETEC (2.5%) were higher in samples from male neonatal calves. This was suggested due to the fact that male calves did not receive appropriate care as they were considered economically less important [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Escherichia coli Pathotypes in Diarrheic Calves in a Low-Income Setting

et al. 2022

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Different E. coli pathotypes are common zoonotic agents. Some of these pathotypes cause recurrent and widespread calf diarrhea and contribute to significant economic losses in the livestock sector worldwide in addition to putting humans at risk. Here, we investigated the occurrence of E. coli pathotypes in diarrheic calves in Ethiopia kept under various calf management practices. One hundred fecal samples were collected from diarrheic calves in 98 different farms. E. coli was isolated in the samples from 99 of the diarrheic calves, and virulence genes were detected in 80% of the samples. The occurrence of E. coli pathotypes in the samples was 32% ETEC, 23% STEC, 18% STEC/ETEC, 3% EPEC, 2% EAEC, and 1% EHEC. No diarrheic calves were positive for the EIEC and DAEC pathotypes. The occurrence of pathotypes was positively associated with female calves (EPEC, p = 0.006), aged less than 2 weeks (STEC, p = 0.059), and calves fed colostrum via the hand method (STEC, p = 0.008 and EAEC, p = 0.003). This study revealed that several E. coli pathotypes occurred among calves affected with diarrhea. Moreover, the presence of a mixed STEC/ETEC pathotypes infection was present in the studied low-income setting. These findings indicate a considerable risk for the zoonotic transmission from calves to humans and the options to provide the better management for younger calves in order to reduce the economic loss.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of Escherichia coli Pathotypes in Diarrheic Calves in a Low-Income Setting

et al. 2022

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“…Escherichia coli is resistant to antibiotics (Li et al, 2022). The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Escherichia coli has caused economic losses to livestock (Khawaskar et al, 2021). At present, the resistance of E. coli to antibacterial drugs has become an increasingly serious global problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Oral Administration of the Antibacterial Peptide MPX on Intestinal Inflammation of Mice in Experimental Infection with Escherichia Coli Strain O157: H7

Zhao

Fotina

Фотіна

et al. 2022

Scientific Horizons

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Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacterium, an intestinal pathogen that can cause intestinal inflammation. Antimicrobial peptides are a class of small molecule peptides, which has good antibacterial activity against a variety of gram-positive and negative bacteria. In this regard, the authors aimed to study the effect of the antimicrobial peptide MPX, which was administered orally, on the intestinal wall of mice infected with the intestinal barrier function, which were infected with E. coli. Synthesis and purification of the antimicrobial peptide MPX (H-INWKGIAAMAKKLL-NH2) was performed by Jier Sheng Hua (Shanghai, China). Mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for this purpose. Escherichia Coli (O157: H7 ATCC43889) was isolated from human faeces in which haemolytic uremic syndrome was reported. Solid LB agar (Solarbio, China) was used to isolate enterohemorrhagic E. coli. The culture was obtained from the Chinese Institute of Veterinary Drug Control (Beijing, China). The results of necropsy found that using of an orally administered MPX could alleviate the damage of E. coli to the liver, spleen, and the lungs were less affected. According to H&E results in case of an orally administered MPX group considerably relieved duodenum and organs on day 7 and day 28. qRT-PCR results showed orally administered MPX could reduce the inflammation-related factors in the mRNA expression of IL-2 and IL-6 and TNF-α on day 7 and day 28. In addition, orally administered MPX could significantly increase them RNA expression of tight junction proteins Occludin and Zo-1 on day 7 and day 28. The results of immune histochemistry further showed that an orally administered MPX could increase the mRNA expression of MUC2 in jejunum. The above results showed that orally administered MPX could alleviate the attack of E. coli on the intestinal tract of mice, relieve intestinal inflammation, and improve the intestinal barrier function. This study lays a theoretical foundation for adding antimicrobial peptides to food. In orally administered MPX authors can see reducing the mRNA expression of inflammation-related factors, thereby alleviating the intestinal inflammation caused by E. coli infection in mice. Authors can add that orally administered MPX shows an increase in mRNA expression of tight junction protein in intestines and improves the intestinal barrier function. This study lays the foundation for adding antimicrobial peptides to food to relieve inflammation and improve barrier function in clinical practices

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Insights into Animal Carriage and Pathogen Surveillance in Latin America: The Case of STEC and APEC

Galarce

Sánchez

Kudva

et al. 2023

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Pathotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolates from neonatal calves

Cited by 9 publications

References 62 publications

Occurrence of Escherichia coli Pathotypes in Diarrheic Calves in a Low-Income Setting

Occurrence of Escherichia coli Pathotypes in Diarrheic Calves in a Low-Income Setting

The Effect of Oral Administration of the Antibacterial Peptide MPX on Intestinal Inflammation of Mice in Experimental Infection with Escherichia Coli Strain O157: H7

Insights into Animal Carriage and Pathogen Surveillance in Latin America: The Case of STEC and APEC

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