Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia:implications for atherogenesis and treatment

Sugden, Mary C.; Holness, Mark J.

doi:10.2217/clp.11.32

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Hyperglycemia in T2DM is frequently associated with increased risk of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperinsulinemia [ 75 , 76 ]. These lipid abnormalities are prevalent in diabetes patients due to insulin resistance or alteration of lipid metabolism pathway [ 75 ].…”

Section: Tocotrienol and Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Tocotrienol in Protecting Against Metabolic Diseases

Pang¹,

Chin

2019

Molecules

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Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes, and these two metabolic conditions cause significant healthcare burden worldwide. Chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress due to exposure of cells to excess nutrients in obesity may trigger insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Tocotrienol, as a functional food component with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cell signaling-mediating effects, may be a potential agent to complement the current management of obesity and diabetes. The review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects of tocotrienol. Previous studies showed that tocotrienol could suppress adipogenesis and, subsequently, reduce body weight and fat mass in animals. This was achieved by regulating pathways of lipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis. It could also reduce the expression of transcription factors regulating adipogenesis and increase apoptosis of adipocytes. In diabetic models, tocotrienol was shown to improve glucose homeostasis. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors was suggested to be responsible for these effects. Tocotrienol also prevented multiple systemic complications due to obesity and diabetes in animal models through suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress. Several clinical trials have been conducted to validate the antidiabetic of tocotrienol, but the results were heterogeneous. There is no evidence showing the anti-obesity effects of tocotrienol in humans. Considering the limitations of the current studies, tocotrienol has the potential to be a functional food component to aid in the management of patients with obesity and diabetes.

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Section: Tocotrienol and Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Tocotrienol in Protecting Against Metabolic Diseases

Pang¹,

Chin

2019

Molecules

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“…The etiology leading to hypertriglyceridemia in T2DM directly relates to insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, which results in an overproduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from the liver, decreased clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and, in some cases, an altered postprandial lipoprotein metabolism. 10,11 Insulin resistance in a T2DM is associated with reduced inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue by insulin, resulting in an increased lipolysis, and thereby augmented portal flux of free fatty acid to the liver. Elevated free fatty acids can directly disrupt the activity of lipoprotein lipase by causing it to detach from the endothelial surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Adult Type-2 Diabetic Patients at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia</p>

Haile¹,

Timerga²

2020

DMSO

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Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in a type-2 diabetic (T2DM) patient. Dyslipidemia in T2DM patients is attributed due to increased free fatty acid flux secondary to insulin resistance. Despite its high prevalence and related complication of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients, there is a paucity of data on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated risk factors among T2DM patients at Jimma medical center (JUMC) Jimma, Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: An institution-based-cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to August 4, 2019. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 248 T2DM patients in the study. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral, and clinical factors were collected using a structured questionnaire through face to face interviews. Five milliliters of the fasting venous blood sample was collected for serum glucose and lipid profile analysis. Blood pressure, weight, and height were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among study participants was 68.1%. Isolated lipid profile abnormality of hypertriglyceridemia was found in 48%, hypercholesterolemia in 13.7%, high level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in 28.6%, and low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in 50.8% study participants. Being in an age group ≥30 years, physical inactivity, being obese, hypertension, and high blood glucose value were significantly associated factors with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: High prevalence of dyslipidemia was found among T2DM in the study area. The findings of this study should be taken into account to conduct appropriate intervention measures on the identified risk factor, and implement routine screening, treatments, and prevention of dyslipidemia.

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“…The risk imparted by this lipid profile, even when LDL-C is considered low, remains quite substantial (7). Table 1 lists the components of dyslipidemia associated with diabetes (8,9). Many of these abnormalities also are seen in people with metabolic syndrome (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyslipidemia

Mancini¹,

Hegele²,

Leiter³

2018

Canadian Journal of Diabetes

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The beneficial effects of lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol with statin therapy apply equally well to people with diabetes as to those without the disease. • The primary treatment goal for people with diabetes is LDL-cholesterol consistently <2.0 mmol/L or >50% reduction from baseline. Alternative targets and goals are non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol <2.6 mmol/L or apolipoprotein B <0.8 g/L. Achievement of the primary goal may require intensification of healthy behaviour interventions with statin monotherapy. On occasion, the addition of other lipid-lowering medications may be required. KEY MESSAGES FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES • Most adults with diabetes are at greater risk for cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack and stroke. • People with diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases even if their LDL-cholesterol is "normal". They have an even higher risk if their LDL-cholesterol is elevated. • Adults with diabetes should have their cholesterol tested yearly or as indicated by your health-care provider. More frequent testing may be necessary for people taking cholesterol medications. • Always discuss your cholesterol results with your physician or nurse practitioner and other members of your health-care team. Apo, apolipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride. * Adapted from reference 8. Can J Diabetes 42 (2018) S178-S185 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Canadian Journal of Diabetes j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. c a n a d i a n j o u r n a l o f d i a b e t e s. c o m

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Pathophysiology of diabetic dyslipidemia:implications for atherogenesis and treatment

Cited by 44 publications

References 76 publications

The Role of Tocotrienol in Protecting Against Metabolic Diseases

The Role of Tocotrienol in Protecting Against Metabolic Diseases

<p>Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Adult Type-2 Diabetic Patients at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia</p>

Dyslipidemia

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