Pathophysiology

Holz, Frank G.; Schütt, F.; Pauleikhoff, Daniel; Bird, Alan C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05199-3_3

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The assessment of retinal morphology in AMD patients has improved our knowledge about the pathomechanism of this disease [9,10]. A routine application of OCT in AMD patient management has led to the introduction of various retinal biomarkers, which can predict the disease's progression and a patient's functional outcome [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting the macula, and it can result in severe loss of central vision [9,10]. Given the progressive, irreversible damage to photoreceptors and their subsequent atrophy, one may expect that the two-photon absorption is compromised in equal measure to the damage made by AMD to normal vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although such changes are often seen in standard fundoscopy, routinely performed by clinicians, the diagnosis and management of AMD patients are commonly supported by imaging techniques [9]. Fundus photography has been particularly useful in diseaseprogression monitoring by providing a baseline image for subsequent appointments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fundus photography has been particularly useful in diseaseprogression monitoring by providing a baseline image for subsequent appointments. The inclusion of spectral filters, e.g., autofluorescence imaging or fundus angiography, offers additional tools for improved detection of eye pathology [9]. The introduction of OCT proved an important milestone in advancing AMD diagnosis as OCT increased the depth of examination by allowing a non-invasive assessment of the retinal anatomical structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These advances in ophthalmology extended our understanding of the pathomechanism of various retinal disorders and expanded clinicians' range of diagnostic tools. OCT proved valuable in diagnosing exudative AMD because with its high spatial resolution, even small subretinal fluid pockets or choroidal neovascularization can be detected [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Photon Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Translational Study

et al. 2022

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The recently introduced term “two-photon vision” relates to the visual perception resulting from a simultaneous absorption of two photons by photoreceptors. In this study, we determined two-photon retinal sensitivity in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and compared it that in normal aging. Microperimetry was performed with visible (white) light and infrared (IR) light, which was perceived as green in the two-photon stimulation. In total, 45 subjects were included with one (better) eye studied. Furthermore, best-corrected visual acuity (VA) and ocular straylight were assessed. AMD resulted in decreased median (interquartile range) logMAR VA, i.e., 0.15 (0.05; 0.24), which in normal eyes was −0.02 (−0.06; 0.02). The two groups showed comparable straylight levels. Sensitivity to IR light was significantly lower in the AMD group (p < 0.001): 8.3 (7.4, 9.3) dB than in controls 10.7 (9.7, 11.2) dB. AMD also significantly affected visible light sensitivity (p < 0.001): 14.0 (11.0; 15.5) dB vs. 18.0 (16.3; 18.9) dB. Notably, the two-photon approach yielded a lower data spread. In conclusion, AMD considerably impairs retinal sensitivity measured in the single- and two-photon realm. However, two-photon-vision microperimetry may improve the testing accuracy and offer an additional diagnostic parameter (beyond VA measurements) for retinal function assessment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-Photon Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Translational Study

et al. 2022

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Modification of native collagen with cell‐adhesive peptide to promote RPE cell attachment on Bruch's membrane

Sistiabudi

Paderi

Panitch

et al. 2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Current efforts to reverse loss of visual function due to Age-related Macular Degeneration point to the restoration of the Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) layer. Restoration of the RPE layer involves replacing lost RPE cells as well as addressing the degeneration of the underlying Bruch's membrane (BM). To advance the potential of using donor BM, we present a strategy to achieve specific and controllable modification of the inner collagenous layer (ICL) of the Bruch's membrane. In particular, interaction between a collagen binding peptide (CBP) sequence with exposed collagen fibers on the ICL surface is utilized to anchor bioactive molecules. Here, a cell-adhesion sequence is added to the collagen binding sequence to promote attachment and survival of ARPE-19. First, the binding specificity of the CBP sequence is verified with a fluorescent binding assay. Subsequently, the effect of modification using the peptide is studied qualitatively using confocal fluorescent imaging and quantitatively through a cell proliferation assay. Results of these experiments indicate that the peptide sequence binds specifically to collagen fibers. Additionally, modification using the peptide enhanced cell adhesion, allowing large uniform cell networks to be formed on the surface. Furthermore, modification with the peptide also delayed the onset of apoptosis on adherent cells.

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Esterified Cholesterol Is Highly Localized to Bruch's Membrane, as Revealed by Lipid Histochemistry in Wholemounts of Human Choroid

Rudolf

Curcio

2009

J Histochem Cytochem.

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(MR) S U M M A R Y Accumulation of neutral lipids in Bruch's membrane (BrM) is a major age change in human retina and contributes to the formation of extracellular lesions associated with age-related macular degeneration. We developed a BrM-choroid wholemounting technique suitable for reliable staining and evaluated different fluorescent lipid dyes for topographic semiquantitative analysis of BrM lipids. Thin BrM-choroid complexes with partially stripped choroid from 10 aged donor eyes were prepared with an optimized wholemounting technique. Preparation quality was monitored by examining 1-mm-thick sections of representative samples. The staining patterns of Nile Red, BODIPY 493/503, filipin for unesterified cholesterol (UC-F), filipin for esterified cholesterol (EC-F), and Oil Red O in wholemounts were compared with their staining patterns in chorioretinal sections, using wide-field epi-fluorescence microscopy. Wholemounts exhibited optimal flatness on the BrM side. Reduced tissue thickness allowed reliable dye penetration and staining of BrM. Only EC-F was with high specificity localized to BrM and demonstrated an intense and distinct granular staining pattern not previously appreciated in chorioretinal sections. All other lipid dyes also stained choroidal or retinal tissue intensely. No dye provided perfect characteristics in regard to representing all neutral lipid classes present in BrM or to fluorescence intensity. Nevertheless, only EC-F was highly localized to BrM with a specific granular pattern. Because direct assays indicate that esterified cholesterol is abundantly present in BrM, we consider EC-F the most valuable choice for analyzing neutral lipid deposits in human BrM. (J Histochem Cytochem 57:731-739, 2009) K E Y W O R D S Bruch's membrane wholemount lipids cholesterol aging age-related maculopathy

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Pathophysiology

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Two-Photon Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Translational Study

Two-Photon Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Translational Study

Modification of native collagen with cell‐adhesive peptide to promote RPE cell attachment on Bruch's membrane

Esterified Cholesterol Is Highly Localized to Bruch's Membrane, as Revealed by Lipid Histochemistry in Wholemounts of Human Choroid

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