Pathophysiology 1. Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Cancer Patients

Falanga, Anna; Schieppati, Francesca; Russo, Laura

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20315-3_2

Cited by 74 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…We know that P and derived micro-vesicles are key players in venous thromboembolism associated cancer. [34][35][36] In conclusion, the results of this study could increase awareness of Ps in the pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism as well as in DVT patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

<p>Platelet-Derived Microparticles (MPs) and Thrombin Generation Velocity in Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Results of a Case–Control Study</p>

Signorelli

Conti

Fiore

et al. 2020

VHRM

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The role of platelets (Ps) and platelet-derived microparticles (MPs) in venous thromboembolism (VTE) is still being debated. Methods: We measured MPs, velocity of thrombin formation (PiCT) and phospholipid generation (PLPs) in 40 patients with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT), who were compared with 40 healthy controls. Results: MPs were higher in DVT (7.12 nM; 25th-75th percentile 5.26-9.12) than in controls (5.45 nM; 25th-75th percentile 1.67-8.96) (p = 0.19). PiCT velocity was lower in DVT (1.87 sec; 25th-75th percentile 1.75-1.93 sec) compared with controls (1.95 sec; 25th-75th percentile 1.84-2.24 sec) (p = 0.04). PLPs were higher in DVT (77.03 µg/mL; 25th-75th percentile 72.12-103.59 µg/mL) compared with controls (68.65 µg/mL, 25th-75th percentile 55.31-78.20 µg/mL) (p = 0.02). Discussion: We hypothesize that MPs could be integrated with the lab network assay in evaluating Ps' role as an activated procoagulative condition. We encourage research on Ps and P-derived microvesicle pathways in patients with unprovoked DVT and not only in patients with cancer-induced DVT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

<p>Platelet-Derived Microparticles (MPs) and Thrombin Generation Velocity in Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Results of a Case–Control Study</p>

Signorelli

Conti

Fiore

et al. 2020

VHRM

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“…In relation to cancer, endothelial damage is caused by the tumor itself, chemotherapeutic agents, surgical interventions, and radiotherapy procedures, and stasis can occur from compression of vessels and immobility following surgery and general weakness and hypercoagulability from cancer procoagulants. 45 In COVID-19, thromboinflammation (hypercoagulability) is currently considered the key pathogenic factor for the development of thrombosis in addition to endothelialitis (vascular damage) from direct viral invasion. 46 In addition, stasis can be caused by immobility from the extreme fatigue and enforced social isolation in mild cases and the critical illness state in the severe cases.…”

Section: Multisystem Thrombosis In the Two C'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities and perspectives on the two C’s—Cancer and COVID‐19

Thachil

Khorana

Carrier

2021

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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COVID-19 continues to dominate the health-care burden in the twenty-first century.While health-care professionals around the world try their best to minimize the mortality from this pandemic, we also continue to battle the high mortality from different types of cancer. For the hemostasis and thrombosis specialist, these two conditions present some unusual similarities including the high rate of thrombosis and marked elevation of D-dimers. In this forum article, we discuss these similarities and provide some considerations for future research and therapeutic trials.

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“…Tumor cells can activate coagulation pathway by a direct and an indirect mechanism: the direct mechanism involves the production of pro-coagulant factors such as the tissue factor which is constitutively expressed by tumor cells and which binds factor VII and activates coagulation pathway; and the cancer procoagulant, a cysteine protease expressed in tumor cells and in fetal tissues which activates factor X in absence of factor VII [9,10].…”

Section: Thrombosis Pathophysiology In Cancer Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A frequent problem in oncological patients is represented by the thrombocytopenia which can be due to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, bone marrow invasion or disseminated intravascular coagulation. The presence of thrombocytopenia is associated with an increased bleeding risk but does not appear to be protective towards thromboembolic events [9].…”

Section: Vte Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Prediction and New Prophylaxis Strategies for Thromboembolism in Cancer

Labianca

Bosetti

Indini

et al. 2020

Cancers

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In the general population, the incidence of thromboembolic events is 117 cases/100,000 inhabitants/year, while in cancer patient incidence, it is four-fold higher, especially in patients who receive chemotherapy and who are affected by pancreatic, lung or gastric cancer. At the basis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) there is the so-called Virchow triad, but tumor cells can activate coagulation pathway by various direct and indirect mechanisms, and chemotherapy can contribute to VTE onset. For these reasons, several studies were conducted in order to assess efficacy and safety of the use of anticoagulant therapy in cancer patients, both in prophylaxis setting and in therapy setting. With this review, we aim to record principal findings and current guidelines about thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients, with particular attention to subjects with additional risk factors such as patients receiving chemotherapy or undergoing surgery, hospitalized patients for acute medical intercurrent event and patients with central venous catheters. Nonetheless we added a brief insight about acute and maintenance therapy of manifested venous thromboembolism in cancer patients.

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Pathophysiology 1. Mechanisms of Thrombosis in Cancer Patients

Cited by 74 publications

References 145 publications

<p>Platelet-Derived Microparticles (MPs) and Thrombin Generation Velocity in Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Results of a Case–Control Study</p>

<p>Platelet-Derived Microparticles (MPs) and Thrombin Generation Velocity in Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Results of a Case–Control Study</p>

Similarities and perspectives on the two C’s—Cancer and COVID‐19

Risk Prediction and New Prophylaxis Strategies for Thromboembolism in Cancer

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