Pathophysiological aspects of thyroid hormone disorders/thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies and reproduction

Vissenberg, Rosa; Manders, V.D.; Mastenbroek, Sebastiaan; Fliers, Eric; Afink, Gijs B.; Ris‐Stalpers, Carrie; Goddijn, Mariëtte; Bisschop, Peter H.

doi:10.1093/humupd/dmv004

Cited by 179 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

164

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…After this period, the fetal thyroid gland begins to mature and produce thyroid hormones, but is not fully functional until 18 – 20 weeks gestation (Moog et al 2017, Tingi et al 2016). Maternal thyroid hormones also affect the maturation of various other tissues and organs in the fetus, in addition to stimulating the placental secretion of hormones that influence the supply of fetal glucose (Moog et al 2017; Vissenberg et al 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy in relation to urinary bisphenol A concentrations: A repeated measures study

Aung

Johns

Ferguson

et al. 2017

Environment International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Maternal supply of thyroid hormones during pregnancy serves a critical role in fetal development. Although animal and in vitro studies provide evidence for thyroid hormone disruption as a result of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure, there is still a lack of evidence in human studies, particularly in the context of pregnancy. Objectives We aimed to explore the associations between urinary BPA concentrations and plasma thyroid hormone parameters during gestation in pregnant women, and also investigated potential windows of vulnerability during gestation. Methods Our study population included 116 cases of preterm birth and 323 controls from a nested case-control study. We measured BPA in urine and thyroid hormone parameters in plasma samples collected at up to four study visits during pregnancy (median for each visit: 9.64, 17.9, 26.0, and 35.1 weeks gestation). We used linear mixed models for repeated measures analyses, and multivariate linear regression models stratified by study visit to explore potential windows of susceptibility. Results In our repeated measures analysis, BPA and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were inversely associated. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in BPA was associated with an 8.21 % decrease in TSH (95% confidence interval [CI]: −14.2, −1.83), and a 4.79% increase in free T4 (95% CI: 0.82, 8.92). BPA and TSH were also inversely associated in our cross-sectional analyses at visits 3 and 4. Conclusions Our results suggest that TSH is inversely associated with urinary BPA in a consistent manner across pregnancy. Disruption of TSH levels during pregnancy can potentially impact child development and interfere with normal birth outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy in relation to urinary bisphenol A concentrations: A repeated measures study

Aung

Johns

Ferguson

et al. 2017

Environment International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Approximately 1 in 25 women have subclinical hypothyroidism, and thyroid antibodies are present in up to one in eight of women (153). The presence of thyroid antibodies in a woman with normal thyroid function is believed to be associated with difficulty conceiving, recurrent implantation failure of embryos, and early pregnancy loss, potentially due to an unrecognized thyroid hormone deficiency or due to a potential autoimmune cause (359). Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism is believed to potentially improve embryo development and is recommended for women prior to conception; however, whether to treat a…”

Section: Subclinical Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Aspects of Female Fertility: Role of the Environment, Modern Lifestyle, and Genetics

Hart

2016

Physiological Reviews

160

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Across the Western World there is an increasing trend to postpone childbearing. Consequently, the negative influence of age on oocyte quality may lead to a difficulty in conceiving for many couples. Furthermore, lifestyle factors may exacerbate a couple's difficulty in conceiving due mainly to the metabolic influence of obesity; however, the negative impacts of low peripheral body fat, excessive exercise, the increasing prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, and smoking all have significant negative effects on fertility. Other factors that impede conception are the perceived increasing prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome, which is further exacerbated by obesity, and the presence of uterine fibroids and endometriosis (a progressive pelvic inflammatory disorder) which are more prevalent in older women. A tendency for an earlier sexual debut and to have more sexual partners has led to an increase in sexually transmitted diseases. In addition, there are several genetic influences that may limit the number of oocytes within the ovary; consequently, by postponing attempts at childbearing, a limitation of oocyte number may become evident, whereas in previous generations with earlier conception this potentially reduced reproductive life span did not manifest in infertility. Environmental influences on reproduction are under increasing scrutiny. Although firm evidence is lacking however, dioxin exposure may be linked to endometriosis, phthalate exposure may influence ovarian reserve, and bisphenol A may interfere with oocyte development and maturation. However, chemotherapy or radiotherapy is recognized to lead to ovarian damage and predispose the woman to ovarian failure.

show abstract

“…Besides, there is substantial evidence that a prolonged reduction in TH concentration leads to a broad spectrum of reproductive problems, including disturbed folliculogenesis, impaired ovulation and fertilization rate, and in severe cases to complete ovarian failure [3–6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged hypothyroidism severely reduces ovarian follicular reserve in adult rats

Rijntjes

Swarts

et al. 2017

J Ovarian Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThere is substantial evidence both in humans and in animals that a prolonged reduction in plasma thyroid hormone concentration leads to reproductive problems, including disturbed folliculogenesis, impaired ovulation and fertilization rates, miscarriage and pregnancy complications. The objective of the present study is to examine the consequences of chronic hypothyroidism, induced in adulthood, for the size of the ovarian follicle pool. In order to investigate this, adult female rats were provided either a control or an iodide deficient diet in combination with perchlorate supplementation to inhibit iodide uptake by the thyroid. Sixteen weeks later animals were sacrificed. Blood was collected for hormone analyses and ovaries were evaluated histologically.ResultsAt the time of sacrifice, plasma thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations were 20- to 40-fold increased, thyroxine concentrations were negligible while tri-iothyronin concentrations were decreased by 40% in the hypothyroid group, confirming that the animals were hypothyroid. Primordial, primary and preantral follicle numbers were significantly lower in the hypothyroid ovaries compared to the euthyroid controls, while a downward trend in antral follicle and corpora lutea numbers was observed. Surprisingly the percentage of atretic follicles was not significantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the reduced preantral and antral follicle numbers were presumably not the consequence of increased degeneration of these follicle types in the hypothyroid group. Plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels showed a significant correlation with the growing follicle population represented by the total ovarian number of primary, preantral and antral follicles, suggesting that also under hypothyroid conditions AMH can serve as a surrogate marker to assess the growing ovarian follicle population.ConclusionsThe induction of a chronic hypothyroid condition in adult female rats negatively affects the ovarian follicular reserve and the size of the growing follicle population, which may impact fertility.

show abstract

Pathophysiological aspects of thyroid hormone disorders/thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies and reproduction

Cited by 179 publications

References 75 publications

Thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy in relation to urinary bisphenol A concentrations: A repeated measures study

Thyroid hormone parameters during pregnancy in relation to urinary bisphenol A concentrations: A repeated measures study

Physiological Aspects of Female Fertility: Role of the Environment, Modern Lifestyle, and Genetics

Prolonged hypothyroidism severely reduces ovarian follicular reserve in adult rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About